Beliansky potok

Geological structure beneath the water

Which rock lies beneath the water line (Geological Map of Slovakia 1:50,000), how old it is, how thick the Quaternary cover is and in which tectonic unit the water flows. The bedrock decides the hardness of the water, the bottom, the turbidity after rain and the abundance of springs.

The points follow the water line (for a stream and a basin, fishing district after fishing district). The strip is a cross-section by distance, not a map; the width of a section corresponds to the number of points.

• River alluvium100%SR 72 %

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River alluvium: Gravelly and sandy bottom and floodplains; the water is replenished from groundwater in the alluvium.

Geological age of the rocks

• Quaternary100%

Most common rock units

Quaternary cover

• glacifluvial sediments100%SR 0.5 %

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• Typical thickness of the Quaternary cover13m

• 10 – 15100%SR 7.1 %

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Tectonic units

• FATRIKUM100%SR 14 %

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Tectonic division

• NEOALPÍNSKE TEKTONICKÉ ŠTRUKTÚRY ZÁPADNÝCH KARPÁT80%SR 84 %
• Paleo-Alpine tectonic units of the Inner Western Carpathians20%SR 16 %

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Neotectonic units

• negative unit (intermountain basins)100%SR 14 %

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Direction of neotectonic movements

• very small subsidence75%SR 7.3 %
• small subsidence25%SR 8.8 %

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Regional geological division

• Inner Carpathian Paleogene80%SR 11 %
• core mountains20%SR 11 %

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Regional geological division (subunits)

• Poprad Basin60%SR 1.4 %
• Spiš–Šariš Paleogene20%SR 5.8 %
• Tatras20%SR 0.0 %

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Engineering-geological districts

• region of glaciofluvial sediments100%SR 0.3 %

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Engineering-geological formations

• formation of Quaternary sediments100%SR 71 %

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Susceptibility of the area to slope deformations

• Region of stable areas100%SR 95 %

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The map covers 2 of 5 points on the water line.

Hydrogeology: aquifers and groundwater

Streams and rivers are fed by groundwater. Hydrogeological maps show in which rocks the water is stored, how permeable they are and what the water in them is like. The data come from ŠGÚDŠ maps, not from measurements at a particular water.

Aquifer rocks (hydrogeological map 1:200,000)

• Gravel75%SR 52 %
• Limestones25%SR 3.1 %

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Aquifer type

• Menšie zvodnence s medzizrnovým alebo puklinovým typom priepustnosti alebo oblasti s takmer žiadnymi množstvami podzemnej vody (Gravel)50%SR 22 %
• Menšie zvodnence s medzizrnovým alebo puklinovým typom priepustnosti alebo oblasti s takmer žiadnymi množstvami podzemnej vody (Gravel)25%SR 0.3 %
• Zvodnence s prevažne puklinovým typom priepustnosti, vrátane krasových (spevnené horninové masívy s diskontinuitami) (Limestones; Nerozlíšené)25%SR 1.2 %

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Main hydrogeological region

• kryštalinikum časti Vysokých Tatier a kvartér ich predpolia80%SR 1.2 %
• Mesozoic and the adjacent crystalline of the High and Belianske Tatras20%SR 0.0 %

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Geothermal groundwater bodies

• Levoča Basin – W and S part100%SR 9.5 %

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Surface water chemistry according to the atlas

Modelled composition of the water in the area the fishing district line runs through. The rasters of the Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (surface waters) are an interpolation of measurements in sampled streams, so they show the typical background of the area, not a measurement in a particular stream.

Ionic composition of the water

Water type by dominant ions: Ca–HCO₃

Shares are in equivalents, the usual way of comparing the composition of waters.

Major ions

• FluoridesF0.0959 mg/lpercentile 39
• BicarbonatesHCO3155 mg/lpercentile 33
• CalciumCa44.0 mg/lpercentile 31
• MagnesiumMg9.24 mg/lpercentile 29
• SulphatesSO423.0 mg/lpercentile 22
• ChloridesCl3.11 mg/lpercentile 20
• PotassiumK1.12 mg/lpercentile 13
• SodiumNa2.79 mg/lpercentile 11

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Nutrients and organic pollution

• Chemical oxygen demandChSK3.42 mg/lpercentile 56
• AmmoniumNH40.0790 mg/lpercentile 38
• PhosphatesPO40.0542 mg/lpercentile 29
• NitratesNO31.68 mg/lpercentile 5

Metals

• ZincZn20.5 μg/lpercentile 87
• AluminiumAl168 μg/lpercentile 74
• IronFe0.156 mg/lpercentile 67
• ManganeseMn25.0 μg/lpercentile 45

Elements in river sediments

The Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (river sediments) describes what the river carries in the fine material on its bed. Sediment collects metals from rocks, ore occurrences and past mining and industry. It is not a legal limit or a health risk assessment: it shows how an element on this stream ranks among streams in Slovakia.

Potentially toxic and trace elements

• MolybdenumMo0.696 mg/kgpercentile 86
• TinSn3.91 mg/kgpercentile 80
• ZincZn136 mg/kgpercentile 76
• BismuthBi0.315 mg/kgpercentile 76
• MercuryHg0.206 mg/kgpercentile 75
• CadmiumCd0.327 mg/kgpercentile 74
• NickelNi30.8 mg/kgpercentile 73
• ChromiumCr84.9 mg/kgpercentile 68
• LeadPb16.5 mg/kgpercentile 55
• AntimonySb0.669 mg/kgpercentile 53
• VanadiumV68.0 mg/kgpercentile 50
• ArsenicAs6.35 mg/kgpercentile 46
• SeleniumSe0.228 mg/kgpercentile 45
• CopperCu20.8 mg/kgpercentile 37
• CobaltCo6.82 mg/kgpercentile 24

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Natural radioactivity and radon

Airborne gamma-ray spectrometry by ŠGÚDŠ measures radiation from potassium, uranium and thorium in rocks and soil. Granites and some acidic volcanic rocks have the highest values, limestones and floodplains the lowest. Caesium-137 is a remnant of fallout from the Chernobyl accident and nuclear weapons tests.

• Potassium (K)K1.24 %percentile 27
• Equivalent thorium (eTh)eTh6.60 ppm22th percentile
• Equivalent uranium (eU)eU2.32 ppm22th percentile

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

• Areal activity of 137CsCS1372,287 Bq/m²percentile 77

Radon risk by isopleths

• medium100%SR 64 %

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Geophysical fields: magnetics and gravity

Maps of the magnetic field and gravity (ŠGÚDŠ) reveal what lies beneath the sediments and the surface: volcanic bodies, faults and crustal thickness. For an angler they are interesting indirectly: they show where the bedrock changes, and with it the water.

Geothermal potential

The Atlas of Geothermal Energy of Slovakia records rock temperature and heat flow from the Earth's interior. It is the potential of the area, not the actual warmth of the water in the stream. Specific geothermal boreholes and springs near this water are in the geothermal energy section below.

Geothermal groundwater bodies beneath the water line

• Levoča Basin – W and S part100%SR 9.5 %

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Relief, climate and soils

A basin is not just water: slope and elevation determine the speed of runoff, climate the temperature and amount of water, and soils what is washed into the stream. The data come from the geomorphological division, climatic-geographical types and soil maps of ŠGÚDŠ.

• Elevation of geomorphological units (from–to)555–1 095m a.s.l.
• Average elevation of the units715m a.s.l.
• Average slope3.3°
• Average January temperature-5.1°C
• Average July temperature15.8°C
• Annual precipitation743mm

Geomorphological units

• Sub-Tatra Basin100%SR 3.9 %

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Geomorphological regions

• Fatra–Tatra area100%SR 21 %

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Climatic-geographical types

• basin climate100%SR 29 %

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Susceptibility of soils to acidification

• soils susceptible to acidification100%SR 31 %

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Soil contamination (map 1:500,000)

• uncontaminated soil, the geogenically determined content of some risk elements reaches limit values A100%SR 45 %

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Lithogeochemical types

• Inner Carpathian Paleogene80%SR 11 %
• Mesozoic of the Bradl zone and the central Western Carpathians20%SR 10 %

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Map of the corridor

Where the nearest mine workings, deposits, burdens, geothermal boreholes and gold finds are. Groups can be switched off.

Trace elements in surface waters

Arsenic, antimony, cadmium, lead, copper, zinc and other elements in samples from rivers and streams (Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia, surface waters, 2015). The bar shows where the highest value lies among all samples in Slovakia; the light marker is the median of the samples at this water.

• CadmiumCdhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 1.10 μg/lmedian 0.600 μg/l3 samples33 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Sp.Belá časť Strážky, 20 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 96 of all samples in Slovakia.

• StrontiumSrhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 633 μg/lmedian 407 μg/l2 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Chata Limba, pravostranný prítok potoka Biela1997, 270 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 95 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 4.00 μg/lmedian 4.00 μg/l5 samples20 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Sp.Belá časť Strážky2002, 20 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 90 of all samples in Slovakia.

• BariumBaslightly elevated
  highest 90.0 μg/lmedian 50.0 μg/l4 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Sp.Belá2002, 90 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 88 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbslightly elevated
  highest 1.00 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l6 samples33 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Sp.Belá časť Strážky2002, 20 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 82 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCuslightly elevated
  highest 3.00 μg/lmedian 2.00 μg/l5 samples20 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Krížová Ves2002, 990 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 79 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LithiumLislightly elevated
  highest 10.0 μg/lmedian 10.0 μg/l6 samples33 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Sp.Belá časť Strážky2002, 20 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 75 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAstypical value
  highest 1.07 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l5 samples20 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Chata Limba, pravostranný prítok potoka Biela1997, 270 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 52 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 1.00 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l1 sample100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Tatranská Kotlina, 1300 m JJZ od K1175 Pálenica1996, 510 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 32 of all samples in Slovakia.

Major ions, mineralisation and pH

Basic water chemistry: which rocks the minerals in it come from.

• Silicon dioxideSiO2below half of Slovakia
  highest 8.18 mg/lmedian 7.22 mg/l2 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Chata Limba, pravostranný prítok potoka Biela1997, 270 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 34 of all samples in Slovakia.

Gold and ore minerals in river sediments

Regional panning prospecting: the heavy fraction was washed out of river gravel and the mineral grains in it were counted. The map of finds is positive: a sample without gold is not listed in the atlas, so the absence of a find is not proof that there is no gold.

• Barite (BaSO₄)35 samples, at most 815 grains
• Pyrite (FeS₂)18 samples, at most 315 grains
• Cinabarit (HgS)9 samples, at most 1000 grains
• Rutil (TiO₂)9 samples, at most 815 grains
• Anatas (TiO₂)8 samples, at most 55 grains
• Hematite (Fe₂O₃)8 samples, at most 4115 grains
• Limonite (FeO(OH)·nH₂O)8 samples, at most 1815 grains
• Magnetite (Fe₃O₄)8 samples, at most 1815 grains
• Ilmenit (FeTiO₃)3 samples, at most 815 grains
• Gold (Au)1 sample, at most 1 grains
• Markazit (FeS₂)1 sample, at most 1815 grains

Nearest samples with gold

Rock-forming and accessory minerals

• Spinel (Cr-spinel) ((Mg,Fe)(Al,Cr)₂O₄)36 samples, at most 815 grains
• Granáty ((Fe,Mg,Ca,Mn)₃Al₂Si₃O₁₂)9 samples, at most 815 grains
• Epidot (Ca₂(Al,Fe)₃Si₃O₁₂(OH))8 samples, at most 55 grains
• Zirconium (ZrSiO₄)8 samples, at most 815 grains
• Tourmalines (complex borosilicate)7 samples, at most 55 grains
• Staurolit (Fe₂Al₉Si₄O₂₃(OH))1 sample, at most 5 grains
• Pyroxény ((Mg,Fe,Ca)₂Si₂O₆)1 sample, at most 5 grains

Groundwater: chemistry, water types and radioactivity

Hydrogeochemical objects (analyses of springs and boreholes), the geochemical atlas of groundwater (1996) and radiohydrochemical sampling. Groundwater feeds streams, so its composition also affects the water in the stream.

Metals in groundwater

• CopperCuextreme (top 1 %)
  highest 16.5 μg/lmedian 1.10 μg/l37 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 190 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 99 of all samples in Slovakia.

• MercuryHgextreme (top 1 %)
  highest 0.700 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l37 samples86 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1994, 2.1 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 99 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AluminiumAlextreme (top 1 %)
  highest 0.270 mg/lmedian 0.0100 mg/l37 samples43 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1993, 3.0 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 99 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 5.00 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l37 samples81 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1994, 2.1 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 97 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 5.30 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l37 samples73 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1992, 310 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 96 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 1.20 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l37 samples73 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 1.4 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 96 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CadmiumCdhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l37 samples97 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 95 of all samples in Slovakia.

• SeleniumSeelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 2.10 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l37 samples92 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 2.6 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 93 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ZincZnslightly elevated
  highest 436 μg/lmedian 11.0 μg/l37 samples5 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 88 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LithiumLislightly elevated
  highest 27.0 μg/lmedian 5.00 μg/l37 samples22 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1992, 2.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 85 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAsslightly elevated
  highest 1.10 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l37 samples95 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1993, 2.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 81 of all samples in Slovakia.

• IronFetypical value
  highest 0.00500 mg/lmedian 0.00500 mg/l17 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 190 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 50 of all samples in Slovakia.

Radon in waters

Mine workings, deposits and ore occurrences

Old mine workings outside mining areas (Geofond register), deposits and mining areas, and the metallogenetic map. Gold, silver and other metals near streams can get into sediments and water.

Deposits and mining areas

Boreholes and Geofond archive reports

Register of hydrogeological boreholes, other boreholes and geothermal boreholes. Each borehole has a report in the Geofond archive (geological profiles, pumping tests, chemical analyses of the water); the report number is in the table.

68 boreholes in the 3 km zone, of which 28 hydrogeological and 40 other; with an archive report number 68.

Borehole depths

• up to 10 m28×
• 10–30 m19×
• 30–100 m2×
• 100–300 m8×
• over 300 m0×

Nearest boreholes

Geothermal energy and mineral waters

Geothermal boreholes (wellhead water temperature, yield, chemical type) and sources of geothermal and mineral waters within 10 km. Data on the use and existence of a borehole come from the Geofond register.

Sources of geothermal and mineral waters

Environmental burdens, landfills and anthropogenic sediments

Recorded environmental burdens (industrial sites, landfills, mining), the register of waste landfills and monitoring of anthropogenic sediments (industrial sludge). It is a list of places, not a measurement of water pollution.

Environmental burdens

Waste landfills

Landslides and slope deformations

Register of documented slope deformations (Geofond). Landslides by a stream can bring fine material into the water, change the bed and dam the channel.

Types of deformations

• Landslides25×

Degree of activity

• Potenciálny18×
• Stabilizovaný5×
• Aktívny2×

Current state

• Processed only in the scope of registration on a scale of 1:25,00013×
• SD taken from archival materials, ktorá bola konfrontova10×
• SD prebraná z archívnych materiálov (existuje inž. geologick2×