Jakuboviansky potok

Geological structure beneath the water

Which rock lies beneath the water line (Geological Map of Slovakia 1:50,000), how old it is, how thick the Quaternary cover is and in which tectonic unit the water flows. The bedrock decides the hardness of the water, the bottom, the turbidity after rain and the abundance of springs.

The points follow the water line (for a stream and a basin, fishing district after fishing district). The strip is a cross-section by distance, not a map; the width of a section corresponds to the number of points.

• Young sediments67%SR 8.6 %
• River alluvium33%SR 72 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Young sediments: Young unconsolidated sediments; fine material easily washes into the stream during rain.

Geological age of the rocks

• Quaternary100%

Most common rock units

Quaternary cover

• deluvial sediments100%SR 16 %

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• Typical thickness of the Quaternary cover3.3m

• 2 – 550%SR 48 %
• 0 – 233%SR 16 %
• 5 – 1017%SR 20 %

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Tectonic division

• NEOALPÍNSKE TEKTONICKÉ ŠTRUKTÚRY ZÁPADNÝCH KARPÁT100%SR 84 %

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Neotectonic units

• positive unit (mountain range)100%SR 60 %

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Direction of neotectonic movements

• medium uplift75%SR 32 %
• large uplift25%SR 26 %

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Regional geological division

• Inner Carpathian Paleogene86%SR 11 %
• Klippen Belt and the adjacent peri-Klippen zone14%SR 2.2 %

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Regional geological division (subunits)

• Spiš–Šariš Paleogene86%SR 5.8 %
• Šariš section14%SR 0.0 %

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Engineering-geological districts

• region of sandstone-conglomerate rocks100%SR 3.4 %

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Engineering-geological formations

• flysch formation100%SR 13 %

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Susceptibility of the area to slope deformations

• Region of stable areas83%SR 95 %
• Region of potentially unstable areas17%SR 4.4 %

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The map covers 3 of 7 points on the water line.

Hydrogeology: aquifers and groundwater

Streams and rivers are fed by groundwater. Hydrogeological maps show in which rocks the water is stored, how permeable they are and what the water in them is like. The data come from ŠGÚDŠ maps, not from measurements at a particular water.

Aquifer rocks (hydrogeological map 1:200,000)

• Gravel50%SR 52 %
• Sandstones50%SR 15 %

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Aquifer type

• Zvodnence s prevažne medzizrnovým typom priepustnosti (prevažne nespevnené sedimenty) (Gravel; Fluviálne)50%SR 27 %
• Menšie zvodnence s medzizrnovým alebo puklinovým typom priepustnosti alebo oblasti s takmer žiadnymi množstvami podzemnej vody (Sandstones)50%SR 15 %

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Type of permeability (basic hydrogeological map 1:50,000)

• intergranular50%SR 86 %
• fissure50%SR 12 %

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Hydrogeological function

• aquifer100%SR 95 %

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Main hydrogeological region

• Paleogene of Spiš-Šarišské Medzihoria, Bachurne and Šarišská vrchovina in the Torysy basin75%SR 0.0 %
• Paleogene of Čergov25%SR 1.4 %

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Genetic type of groundwater

• carbonate-silicatogenic groundwater100%SR 3.5 %

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Chemical type of groundwater

• Ca-HCO3 typ50%SR 5.1 %
• Ca-Mg-HCO3 typ50%SR 5.5 %

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Groundwater quality class

• A100%SR 36 %

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Geothermal groundwater bodies

• Levoča Basin – NE part100%SR 5.0 %

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Surface water chemistry according to the atlas

Modelled composition of the water in the area the fishing district line runs through. The rasters of the Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (surface waters) are an interpolation of measurements in sampled streams, so they show the typical background of the area, not a measurement in a particular stream.

Ionic composition of the water

Water type by dominant ions: Ca–Mg–HCO₃

Shares are in equivalents, the usual way of comparing the composition of waters.

Major ions

• PotassiumK9.50 mg/lpercentile 91
• FluoridesF0.182 mg/lpercentile 76
• CalciumCa83.9 mg/lpercentile 74
• BicarbonatesHCO3268 mg/lpercentile 68
• MagnesiumMg19.9 mg/lpercentile 65
• SulphatesSO451.7 mg/lpercentile 62
• SodiumNa9.66 mg/lpercentile 52
• ChloridesCl9.63 mg/lpercentile 52

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Nutrients and organic pollution

• AmmoniumNH41.10 mg/lpercentile 93
• PhosphatesPO40.403 mg/lpercentile 75
• Chemical oxygen demandChSK4.00 mg/lpercentile 67
• NitratesNO37.07 mg/lpercentile 57

Metals

• ZincZn6.54 μg/lpercentile 49
• ManganeseMn28.7 μg/lpercentile 48
• AluminiumAl55.6 μg/lpercentile 46
• IronFe0.0569 mg/lpercentile 26

Elements in river sediments

The Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (river sediments) describes what the river carries in the fine material on its bed. Sediment collects metals from rocks, ore occurrences and past mining and industry. It is not a legal limit or a health risk assessment: it shows how an element on this stream ranks among streams in Slovakia.

Potentially toxic and trace elements

• ChromiumCr97.8 mg/kgpercentile 80
• AntimonySb1.32 mg/kgpercentile 77
• NickelNi31.3 mg/kgpercentile 74
• MolybdenumMo0.523 mg/kgpercentile 72
• SeleniumSe0.297 mg/kgpercentile 61
• VanadiumV66.3 mg/kgpercentile 46
• ArsenicAs6.19 mg/kgpercentile 44
• TinSn2.45 mg/kgpercentile 42
• CobaltCo7.93 mg/kgpercentile 41
• CadmiumCd0.130 mg/kgpercentile 36
• BismuthBi0.181 mg/kgpercentile 35
• ZincZn79.5 mg/kgpercentile 30
• MercuryHg0.0684 mg/kgpercentile 28
• CopperCu18.3 mg/kgpercentile 25
• LeadPb8.18 mg/kgpercentile 5

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Natural radioactivity and radon

Airborne gamma-ray spectrometry by ŠGÚDŠ measures radiation from potassium, uranium and thorium in rocks and soil. Granites and some acidic volcanic rocks have the highest values, limestones and floodplains the lowest. Caesium-137 is a remnant of fallout from the Chernobyl accident and nuclear weapons tests.

• Potassium (K)K1.48 %percentile 82
• Equivalent thorium (eTh)eTh7.29 ppm49th percentile
• Equivalent uranium (eU)eU2.36 ppm26th percentile

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

• Areal activity of 137CsCS1371,318 Bq/m²percentile 39

Radon risk by isopleths

• medium100%SR 64 %

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Geophysical fields: magnetics and gravity

Maps of the magnetic field and gravity (ŠGÚDŠ) reveal what lies beneath the sediments and the surface: volcanic bodies, faults and crustal thickness. For an angler they are interesting indirectly: they show where the bedrock changes, and with it the water.

Geothermal potential

The Atlas of Geothermal Energy of Slovakia records rock temperature and heat flow from the Earth's interior. It is the potential of the area, not the actual warmth of the water in the stream. Specific geothermal boreholes and springs near this water are in the geothermal energy section below.

Geothermal groundwater bodies beneath the water line

• Levoča Basin – NE part100%SR 5.0 %

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Relief, climate and soils

A basin is not just water: slope and elevation determine the speed of runoff, climate the temperature and amount of water, and soils what is washed into the stream. The data come from the geomorphological division, climatic-geographical types and soil maps of ŠGÚDŠ.

• Elevation of geomorphological units (from–to)243–1 157m a.s.l.
• Average elevation of the units590m a.s.l.
• Average slope11.9°
• Average January temperature-4.8°C
• Average July temperature16.6°C
• Annual precipitation813mm

Geomorphological units

• Bachureň50%SR 0.0 %
• Spiš–Šariš Intermountain Area33%SR 0.0 %
• Čergov17%SR 0.0 %

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Geomorphological regions

• Podhôľne–Magura area83%SR 4.5 %
• Východné Beskydy17%SR 1.3 %

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Climatic-geographical types

• mountain climate75%SR 33 %
• basin climate25%SR 29 %

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Susceptibility of soils to acidification

• soils susceptible to acidification100%SR 31 %

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Soil contamination (map 1:500,000)

• uncontaminated soil, the geogenically determined content of some risk elements reaches limit values A86%SR 45 %
• relatively clean soil14%SR 53 %

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Lithogeochemical types

• Inner Carpathian Paleogene100%SR 11 %

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Map of the corridor

Where the nearest mine workings, deposits, burdens, geothermal boreholes and gold finds are. Groups can be switched off.

Trace elements in surface waters

Arsenic, antimony, cadmium, lead, copper, zinc and other elements in samples from rivers and streams (Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia, surface waters, 2015). The bar shows where the highest value lies among all samples in Slovakia; the light marker is the median of the samples at this water.

• CadmiumCdelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 0.300 μg/lmedian 0.300 μg/l8 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Orkucany, 50 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 90 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 4.00 μg/lmedian 4.00 μg/l8 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Orkucany2003, 50 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 90 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LithiumLislightly elevated
  highest 20.0 μg/lmedian 10.0 μg/l8 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Jakubovany2003, 70 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 84 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbslightly elevated
  highest 1.00 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l8 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Orkucany2003, 50 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 82 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCuslightly elevated
  highest 3.00 μg/lmedian 2.00 μg/l8 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Jakubovany2003, 70 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 79 of all samples in Slovakia.

• BariumBaslightly elevated
  highest 70.0 μg/lmedian 40.0 μg/l8 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Jakubovany2003, 70 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 78 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAsslightly elevated
  highest 2.00 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l8 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Ražňany2003, 50 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 75 of all samples in Slovakia.

Gold and ore minerals in river sediments

Regional panning prospecting: the heavy fraction was washed out of river gravel and the mineral grains in it were counted. The map of finds is positive: a sample without gold is not listed in the atlas, so the absence of a find is not proof that there is no gold.

• Barite (BaSO₄)21 samples, at most 315 grains
• Pyrite (FeS₂)16 samples, at most 55 grains
• Magnetite (Fe₃O₄)7 samples, at most 815 grains
• Rutil (TiO₂)7 samples, at most 815 grains
• Anatas (TiO₂)6 samples, at most 55 grains
• Hematite (Fe₂O₃)6 samples, at most 315 grains
• Ilmenit (FeTiO₃)6 samples, at most 815 grains
• Limonite (FeO(OH)·nH₂O)6 samples, at most 815 grains
• Monazit ((Ce,La,Nd)PO₄)4 samples, at most 5 grains
• Gold (Au)2 samples, at most 3 grains
• Chalcopyrite (CuFeS₂)2 samples, at most 5 grains
• Auripigment (As₂S₃)1 sample, at most 5 grains
• Kasiterit (SnO₂)1 sample, at most 4 grains
• Markazit (FeS₂)1 sample, at most 5 grains

Nearest samples with gold

Rock-forming and accessory minerals

• Spinel (Cr-spinel) ((Mg,Fe)(Al,Cr)₂O₄)28 samples, at most 1815 grains
• Granáty ((Fe,Mg,Ca,Mn)₃Al₂Si₃O₁₂)7 samples, at most 4115 grains
• Tourmalines (complex borosilicate)7 samples, at most 55 grains
• Zirconium (ZrSiO₄)7 samples, at most 1815 grains
• Pyroxény ((Mg,Fe,Ca)₂Si₂O₆)6 samples, at most 1815 grains
• Staurolit (Fe₂Al₉Si₄O₂₃(OH))5 samples, at most 55 grains
• Apatit (Ca₅(PO₄)₃(F,Cl,OH))2 samples, at most 5 grains
• Epidot (Ca₂(Al,Fe)₃Si₃O₁₂(OH))2 samples, at most 55 grains

Groundwater: chemistry, water types and radioactivity

Hydrogeochemical objects (analyses of springs and boreholes), the geochemical atlas of groundwater (1996) and radiohydrochemical sampling. Groundwater feeds streams, so its composition also affects the water in the stream.

Chemical water types nearby

• Ca-Mg-HCO310×
• Ca-HCO35×
• Ca-Mg-HCO3-SO41×
• Ca-HCO3-SO41×

Water quality class according to the hydrogeochemical map

• class A14×
• class G2×
• class B1×

Metals in groundwater

• LeadPbextreme (top 1 %)
  highest 17.0 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l41 samples46 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 1.8 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 99 of all samples in Slovakia.

• MercuryHgextreme (top 1 %)
  highest 1.10 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l41 samples88 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1992, 1.2 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 99 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AluminiumAlextreme (top 1 %)
  highest 0.220 mg/lmedian 0.00500 mg/l41 samples78 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 300 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 99 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 2.90 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l41 samples76 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1992, 2.6 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 98 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LithiumLihigh (top 5 %)
  highest 90.0 μg/lmedian 9.00 μg/l41 samples5 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1992, 2.4 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 97 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CadmiumCdhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 0.900 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l41 samples98 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 2.2 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 96 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAshigh (top 5 %)
  highest 5.80 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l41 samples68 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 120 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 96 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 3.40 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l41 samples56 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1992, 2.6 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 94 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ZincZnelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 660 μg/lmedian 5.00 μg/l41 samples15 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1992, 2.4 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 92 of all samples in Slovakia.

• SeleniumSeelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 1.90 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l41 samples88 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1992, 2.6 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 91 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCuslightly elevated
  highest 3.60 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l41 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 770 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 88 of all samples in Slovakia.

• IronFetypical value
  highest 0.00500 mg/lmedian 0.00500 mg/l8 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 2.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 50 of all samples in Slovakia.

Radon in waters

Mine workings, deposits and ore occurrences

Old mine workings outside mining areas (Geofond register), deposits and mining areas, and the metallogenetic map. Gold, silver and other metals near streams can get into sediments and water.

Deposits and mining areas

Boreholes and Geofond archive reports

Register of hydrogeological boreholes, other boreholes and geothermal boreholes. Each borehole has a report in the Geofond archive (geological profiles, pumping tests, chemical analyses of the water); the report number is in the table.

187 boreholes in the 3 km zone, of which 113 hydrogeological and 74 other; with an archive report number 187.

Borehole depths

• up to 10 m113×
• 10–30 m61×
• 30–100 m6×
• 100–300 m4×
• over 300 m0×

Nearest boreholes

Geothermal energy and mineral waters

Geothermal boreholes (wellhead water temperature, yield, chemical type) and sources of geothermal and mineral waters within 10 km. Data on the use and existence of a borehole come from the Geofond register.

Sources of geothermal and mineral waters

Environmental burdens, landfills and anthropogenic sediments

Recorded environmental burdens (industrial sites, landfills, mining), the register of waste landfills and monitoring of anthropogenic sediments (industrial sludge). It is a list of places, not a measurement of water pollution.

Waste landfills

Landslides and slope deformations

Register of documented slope deformations (Geofond). Landslides by a stream can bring fine material into the water, change the bed and dam the channel.

Types of deformations

• Landslides21×

Degree of activity

• Potenciálny18×
• Aktívny2×
• Stabilizovaný1×

Current state

• SD zaregistrovaná v rámci terénneho výskumu na úlohe Atlas S12×
• SD taken from archival materials, ktorá bola konfrontova7×
• Processed only in the scope of registration on a scale of 1:25,0002×