Rychnavské vodné nádrže

Geological structure beneath the water

Which rock lies beneath the water line (Geological Map of Slovakia 1:50,000), how old it is, how thick the Quaternary cover is and in which tectonic unit the water flows. The bedrock decides the hardness of the water, the bottom, the turbidity after rain and the abundance of springs.

The points follow the water line (for a stream and a basin, fishing district after fishing district). The strip is a cross-section by distance, not a map; the width of a section corresponds to the number of points.

• Young sediments100%SR 8.6 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Young sediments: Young unconsolidated sediments; fine material easily washes into the stream during rain.

Geological age of the rocks

• Quaternary100%

Most common rock units

Quaternary cover

• Typical thickness of the Quaternary cover3.5m

• 2 – 5100%SR 48 %

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Tectonic division

• NEOALPÍNSKE TEKTONICKÉ ŠTRUKTÚRY ZÁPADNÝCH KARPÁT100%SR 84 %

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Neotectonic units

• positive unit (mountain range)100%SR 60 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Direction of neotectonic movements

• large uplift100%SR 26 %

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Regional geological division

• neovolcanic rocks100%SR 10 %

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Regional geological division (subunits)

• Central Slovak neovolcanic rocks100%SR 8.8 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Susceptibility of the area to slope deformations

• Region of stable areas100%SR 95 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

The map covers 1 of 1 points on the water line.

Hydrogeology: aquifers and groundwater

Streams and rivers are fed by groundwater. Hydrogeological maps show in which rocks the water is stored, how permeable they are and what the water in them is like. The data come from ŠGÚDŠ maps, not from measurements at a particular water.

Aquifer rocks (hydrogeological map 1:200,000)

• Acid volcanic rocks100%SR 3.2 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Aquifer type

• Menšie zvodnence s medzizrnovým alebo puklinovým typom priepustnosti alebo oblasti s takmer žiadnymi množstvami podzemnej vody100%SR 3.2 %

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Geothermal groundwater bodies

• Bátovce and Rykynčice Depression100%SR 4.4 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Surface water chemistry according to the atlas

Modelled composition of the water in the area the fishing district line runs through. The rasters of the Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (surface waters) are an interpolation of measurements in sampled streams, so they show the typical background of the area, not a measurement in a particular stream.

Ionic composition of the water

Water type by dominant ions: Ca–HCO₃–SO₄

Shares are in equivalents, the usual way of comparing the composition of waters.

Major ions

• FluoridesF0.142 mg/lpercentile 62
• SulphatesSO451.2 mg/lpercentile 62
• SodiumNa8.73 mg/lpercentile 49
• ChloridesCl6.07 mg/lpercentile 40
• PotassiumK2.21 mg/lpercentile 36
• MagnesiumMg7.70 mg/lpercentile 23
• CalciumCa31.1 mg/lpercentile 20
• BicarbonatesHCO385.0 mg/lpercentile 15

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Nutrients and organic pollution

• AmmoniumNH40.753 mg/lpercentile 91
• Chemical oxygen demandChSK4.82 mg/lpercentile 79
• PhosphatesPO40.441 mg/lpercentile 78
• NitratesNO32.37 mg/lpercentile 11

Metals

• ZincZn39.4 μg/lpercentile 95
• AluminiumAl189 μg/lpercentile 78
• ManganeseMn43.8 μg/lpercentile 59
• IronFe0.0621 mg/lpercentile 30

Elements in river sediments

The Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (river sediments) describes what the river carries in the fine material on its bed. Sediment collects metals from rocks, ore occurrences and past mining and industry. It is not a legal limit or a health risk assessment: it shows how an element on this stream ranks among streams in Slovakia.

Potentially toxic and trace elements

• LeadPb35.6 mg/kgpercentile 91
• VanadiumV102 mg/kgpercentile 90
• CadmiumCd0.618 mg/kgpercentile 89
• BismuthBi0.438 mg/kgpercentile 87
• CopperCu34.6 mg/kgpercentile 79
• CobaltCo10.0 mg/kgpercentile 72
• AntimonySb1.01 mg/kgpercentile 71
• MolybdenumMo0.508 mg/kgpercentile 70
• ZincZn123 mg/kgpercentile 70
• SeleniumSe0.248 mg/kgpercentile 50
• MercuryHg0.0969 mg/kgpercentile 47
• ArsenicAs4.74 mg/kgpercentile 22
• TinSn1.50 mg/kgpercentile 5
• ChromiumCr33.5 mg/kgpercentile 5
• NickelNi6.36 mg/kgpercentile 2

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Natural radioactivity and radon

Airborne gamma-ray spectrometry by ŠGÚDŠ measures radiation from potassium, uranium and thorium in rocks and soil. Granites and some acidic volcanic rocks have the highest values, limestones and floodplains the lowest. Caesium-137 is a remnant of fallout from the Chernobyl accident and nuclear weapons tests.

• Potassium (K)K1.50 %percentile 84
• Equivalent uranium (eU)eU2.75 ppm69th percentile
• Equivalent thorium (eTh)eTh7.55 ppm57th percentile

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

• Areal activity of 137CsCS1376,157 Bq/m²percentile 96

Radon risk by isopleths

• medium100%SR 64 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Geophysical fields: magnetics and gravity

Maps of the magnetic field and gravity (ŠGÚDŠ) reveal what lies beneath the sediments and the surface: volcanic bodies, faults and crustal thickness. For an angler they are interesting indirectly: they show where the bedrock changes, and with it the water.

Geothermal potential

The Atlas of Geothermal Energy of Slovakia records rock temperature and heat flow from the Earth's interior. It is the potential of the area, not the actual warmth of the water in the stream. Specific geothermal boreholes and springs near this water are in the geothermal energy section below.

Geothermal groundwater bodies beneath the water line

• Bátovce and Rykynčice Depression100%SR 4.4 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Relief, climate and soils

A basin is not just water: slope and elevation determine the speed of runoff, climate the temperature and amount of water, and soils what is washed into the stream. The data come from the geomorphological division, climatic-geographical types and soil maps of ŠGÚDŠ.

• Elevation of geomorphological units (from–to)192–819m a.s.l.
• Average elevation of the units453m a.s.l.
• Average slope10.6°
• Average January temperature-5.0°C
• Average July temperature16.5°C
• Annual precipitation850mm

Geomorphological units

• Štiavnica Mountains100%SR 2.2 %

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Geomorphological regions

• Slovak Central Mountains100%SR 9.1 %

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Climatic-geographical types

• mountain climate100%SR 33 %

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Lithogeochemical types

• Neogene volcanics100%SR 11 %

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Map of the corridor

Where the nearest mine workings, deposits, burdens, geothermal boreholes and gold finds are. Groups can be switched off.

Groundwater: chemistry, water types and radioactivity

Hydrogeochemical objects (analyses of springs and boreholes), the geochemical atlas of groundwater (1996) and radiohydrochemical sampling. Groundwater feeds streams, so its composition also affects the water in the stream.

Metals in groundwater

• ZincZnhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 2,750 μg/lmedian 14.0 μg/l12 samples8 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1991, 2.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 97 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CadmiumCdhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 0.700 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l12 samples92 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1991, 2.7 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 96 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAshigh (top 5 %)
  highest 5.00 μg/lmedian 1.35 μg/l12 samples42 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1991, 1.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 95 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCuelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 5.10 μg/lmedian 0.800 μg/l12 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: štôlňa1991, 2.2 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 93 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 0.400 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l12 samples75 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 670 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 90 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AluminiumAlslightly elevated
  highest 0.0300 mg/lmedian 0.00500 mg/l12 samples58 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1991, 2.2 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 85 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbslightly elevated
  highest 1.00 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l12 samples83 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1991, 1.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 75 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LithiumLitypical value
  highest 9.00 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l12 samples58 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1991, 2.4 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 56 of all samples in Slovakia.

• IronFetypical value
  highest 0.00500 mg/lmedian 0.00500 mg/l4 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1991, 1.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 50 of all samples in Slovakia.

• MercuryHgbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.100 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l12 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1991, 2.1 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 46 of all samples in Slovakia.

• SeleniumSebelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l12 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1991, 2.1 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 39 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.250 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l12 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1991, 2.1 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 29 of all samples in Slovakia.

Radon in waters

Mine workings, deposits and ore occurrences

Old mine workings outside mining areas (Geofond register), deposits and mining areas, and the metallogenetic map. Gold, silver and other metals near streams can get into sediments and water.

What was mined here (according to the register of old mine workings)

• Au178×
• Ag127×
• Pb76×
• Zn76×
• Cu76×

Types of mining objects

• adit161×
• spoil heap74×
• pinge (mining subsidence pit), line of pinge pits27×
• shaft18×
• other type of object4×

Nearest old mine workings

Deposits and mining areas

Ore occurrences in the metallogenic map

Boreholes and Geofond archive reports

Register of hydrogeological boreholes, other boreholes and geothermal boreholes. Each borehole has a report in the Geofond archive (geological profiles, pumping tests, chemical analyses of the water); the report number is in the table.

40 boreholes in the 3 km zone, of which 16 hydrogeological and 24 other; with an archive report number 40.

Borehole depths

• up to 10 m1×
• 10–30 m15×
• 30–100 m4×
• 100–300 m2×
• over 300 m17×

Nearest boreholes

Geothermal energy and mineral waters

Geothermal boreholes (wellhead water temperature, yield, chemical type) and sources of geothermal and mineral waters within 10 km. Data on the use and existence of a borehole come from the Geofond register.

Sources of geothermal and mineral waters

Environmental burdens, landfills and anthropogenic sediments

Recorded environmental burdens (industrial sites, landfills, mining), the register of waste landfills and monitoring of anthropogenic sediments (industrial sludge). It is a list of places, not a measurement of water pollution.

Waste landfills

Landslides and slope deformations

Register of documented slope deformations (Geofond). Landslides by a stream can bring fine material into the water, change the bed and dam the channel.

Types of deformations

• Landslides6×
• Block fields1×
• Block fields + landslides1×

Degree of activity

• Potenciálny4×
• Stabilizovaný4×

Current state

• SD taken from archival materials, ktorá bola konfrontova7×
• SD zaregistrovaná v rámci terénneho výskumu na úlohe Atlas S1×