VN Tajch (Podbrezová)

Geological structure beneath the water

Which rock lies beneath the water line (Geological Map of Slovakia 1:50,000), how old it is, how thick the Quaternary cover is and in which tectonic unit the water flows. The bedrock decides the hardness of the water, the bottom, the turbidity after rain and the abundance of springs.

Regional geological division

• Vepor Belt100%SR 6.4 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Regional geological division (subunits)

• Hron Synclinorium100%SR 1.2 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Engineering-geological districts

• region of effusive rocks100%SR 3.1 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Engineering-geological formations

• lower terrigenous formation100%SR 0.6 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Susceptibility of the area to slope deformations

• Region of stable areas100%SR 95 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

The map covers 0 of 1 points on the water line.

Hydrogeology: aquifers and groundwater

Streams and rivers are fed by groundwater. Hydrogeological maps show in which rocks the water is stored, how permeable they are and what the water in them is like. The data come from ŠGÚDŠ maps, not from measurements at a particular water.

Aquifer rocks (hydrogeological map 1:200,000)

• Sandstones100%SR 15 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Aquifer type

• Menšie zvodnence s medzizrnovým alebo puklinovým typom priepustnosti alebo oblasti s takmer žiadnymi množstvami podzemnej vody (Sandstones)100%SR 15 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Main hydrogeological region

• crystalline and Mesozoic of the southwestern slopes of the Low Tatras100%SR 1.1 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Surface water chemistry according to the atlas

Modelled composition of the water in the area the fishing district line runs through. The rasters of the Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (surface waters) are an interpolation of measurements in sampled streams, so they show the typical background of the area, not a measurement in a particular stream.

Ionic composition of the water

Water type by dominant ions: Ca–Mg–HCO₃–SO₄

Shares are in equivalents, the usual way of comparing the composition of waters.

Major ions

• PotassiumK5.19 mg/lpercentile 75
• SodiumNa12.2 mg/lpercentile 62
• SulphatesSO450.2 mg/lpercentile 61
• MagnesiumMg14.6 mg/lpercentile 48
• ChloridesCl7.14 mg/lpercentile 45
• CalciumCa47.6 mg/lpercentile 33
• FluoridesF0.0812 mg/lpercentile 30
• BicarbonatesHCO3138 mg/lpercentile 29

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Nutrients and organic pollution

• Chemical oxygen demandChSK3.54 mg/lpercentile 58
• AmmoniumNH40.139 mg/lpercentile 58
• PhosphatesPO40.0578 mg/lpercentile 31
• NitratesNO30.683 mg/lpercentile 1

Metals

• ZincZn15.0 μg/lpercentile 79
• ManganeseMn24.2 μg/lpercentile 44
• AluminiumAl41.6 μg/lpercentile 38
• IronFe0.0103 mg/lpercentile 2

Elements in river sediments

The Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (river sediments) describes what the river carries in the fine material on its bed. Sediment collects metals from rocks, ore occurrences and past mining and industry. It is not a legal limit or a health risk assessment: it shows how an element on this stream ranks among streams in Slovakia.

Potentially toxic and trace elements

• CadmiumCd3.05 mg/kgpercentile 95
• ZincZn396 mg/kgpercentile 95
• TinSn9.65 mg/kgpercentile 95
• AntimonySb23.2 mg/kgpercentile 95
• ArsenicAs35.8 mg/kgpercentile 95
• BismuthBi0.801 mg/kgpercentile 95
• LeadPb36.3 mg/kgpercentile 91
• CopperCu48.3 mg/kgpercentile 88
• SeleniumSe0.440 mg/kgpercentile 82
• MercuryHg0.217 mg/kgpercentile 76
• MolybdenumMo0.516 mg/kgpercentile 71
• VanadiumV78.8 mg/kgpercentile 71
• CobaltCo9.46 mg/kgpercentile 65
• NickelNi24.8 mg/kgpercentile 51
• ChromiumCr57.2 mg/kgpercentile 26

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Natural radioactivity and radon

Airborne gamma-ray spectrometry by ŠGÚDŠ measures radiation from potassium, uranium and thorium in rocks and soil. Granites and some acidic volcanic rocks have the highest values, limestones and floodplains the lowest. Caesium-137 is a remnant of fallout from the Chernobyl accident and nuclear weapons tests.

• Equivalent uranium (eU)eU3.70 ppm95th percentile
• Potassium (K)K1.38 %percentile 69
• Equivalent thorium (eTh)eTh7.93 ppm67th percentile

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

• Areal activity of 137CsCS1371,128 Bq/m²percentile 26

Geophysical fields: magnetics and gravity

Maps of the magnetic field and gravity (ŠGÚDŠ) reveal what lies beneath the sediments and the surface: volcanic bodies, faults and crustal thickness. For an angler they are interesting indirectly: they show where the bedrock changes, and with it the water.

Geothermal potential

The Atlas of Geothermal Energy of Slovakia records rock temperature and heat flow from the Earth's interior. It is the potential of the area, not the actual warmth of the water in the stream. Specific geothermal boreholes and springs near this water are in the geothermal energy section below.

• Rock temperature at 1,000 m depth25°C

Relief, climate and soils

A basin is not just water: slope and elevation determine the speed of runoff, climate the temperature and amount of water, and soils what is washed into the stream. The data come from the geomorphological division, climatic-geographical types and soil maps of ŠGÚDŠ.

• Elevation of geomorphological units (from–to)383–842m a.s.l.
• Average elevation of the units551m a.s.l.
• Average slope11.0°
• Average January temperature-5.3°C
• Average July temperature15.3°C
• Annual precipitation755mm

Geomorphological units

• Horehronie Valley100%SR 1.2 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Geomorphological regions

• Fatra–Tatra area100%SR 21 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Climatic-geographical types

• basin climate100%SR 29 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Lithogeochemical types

• Mesozoic of the Bradl zone and the central Western Carpathians100%SR 10 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Map of the corridor

Where the nearest mine workings, deposits, burdens, geothermal boreholes and gold finds are. Groups can be switched off.

Trace elements in surface waters

Arsenic, antimony, cadmium, lead, copper, zinc and other elements in samples from rivers and streams (Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia, surface waters, 2015). The bar shows where the highest value lies among all samples in Slovakia; the light marker is the median of the samples at this water.

• BariumBaslightly elevated
  highest 90.0 μg/lmedian 90.0 μg/l1 sample
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Horná Lehota, 1700m SZ od K7021993, 100 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 88 of all samples in Slovakia.

• StrontiumSrslightly elevated
  highest 410 μg/lmedian 410 μg/l1 sample
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Horná Lehota, 1700m SZ od K7021993, 100 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 83 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbslightly elevated
  highest 1.00 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l1 sample
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Horná Lehota, 1700m SZ od K7021993, 100 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 82 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CadmiumCdslightly elevated
  highest 0.250 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l1 sample
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Horná Lehota, 1700m SZ od K702, 100 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 75 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAstypical value
  highest 1.40 μg/lmedian 1.40 μg/l1 sample
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Horná Lehota, 1700m SZ od K7021993, 100 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 60 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCubelow half of Slovakia
  highest 1.20 μg/lmedian 1.20 μg/l1 sample
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Horná Lehota, 1700m SZ od K7021993, 100 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 48 of all samples in Slovakia.

• SeleniumSebelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l1 sample100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Horná Lehota, 1700m SZ od K7021993, 100 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 46 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 2.50 μg/lmedian 2.50 μg/l1 sample100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Horná Lehota, 1700m SZ od K7021993, 100 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 43 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LithiumLibelow half of Slovakia
  highest 5.00 μg/lmedian 5.00 μg/l1 sample100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Horná Lehota, 1700m SZ od K7021993, 100 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 34 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 1.00 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l1 sample100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Horná Lehota, 1700m SZ od K7021993, 100 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 32 of all samples in Slovakia.

Major ions, mineralisation and pH

Basic water chemistry: which rocks the minerals in it come from.

• Silicon dioxideSiO2below half of Slovakia
  highest 4.80 mg/lmedian 4.80 mg/l1 sample
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Horná Lehota, 1700m SZ od K7021993, 100 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 11 of all samples in Slovakia.

Gold and ore minerals in river sediments

Regional panning prospecting: the heavy fraction was washed out of river gravel and the mineral grains in it were counted. The map of finds is positive: a sample without gold is not listed in the atlas, so the absence of a find is not proof that there is no gold.

• Barite (BaSO₄)4 samples, at most 155 grains
• Hematite (Fe₂O₃)4 samples, at most 850 grains
• Limonite (FeO(OH)·nH₂O)4 samples, at most 850 grains
• Magnetite (Fe₃O₄)4 samples, at most 1875 grains
• Monazit ((Ce,La,Nd)PO₄)4 samples, at most 40 grains
• Rutil (TiO₂)4 samples, at most 250 grains
• Anatas (TiO₂)3 samples, at most 8 grains
• Ilmenit (FeTiO₃)3 samples, at most 625 grains
• Pyrite (FeS₂)3 samples, at most 900 grains
• Sphalerite (ZnS)2 samples, at most 14 grains
• Cinabarit (HgS)1 sample, at most 1 grains
• Chalcopyrite (CuFeS₂)1 sample, at most 5 grains
• Scheelit (CaWO₄)1 sample, at most 1 grains

Rock-forming and accessory minerals

• Apatit (Ca₅(PO₄)₃(F,Cl,OH))4 samples, at most 125 grains
• Epidot (Ca₂(Al,Fe)₃Si₃O₁₂(OH))4 samples, at most 166 grains
• Granáty ((Fe,Mg,Ca,Mn)₃Al₂Si₃O₁₂)4 samples, at most 125 grains
• Tourmalines (complex borosilicate)4 samples, at most 50 grains
• Zirconium (ZrSiO₄)3 samples, at most 684 grains
• Pyroxény ((Mg,Fe,Ca)₂Si₂O₆)2 samples, at most 156 grains
• Amfiboly (Ca₂(Mg,Fe)₅Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂)1 sample, at most 31 grains
• Korund (Al₂O₃)1 sample, at most 100 grains
• Sillimanit (Al₂SiO₅)1 sample, at most 6 grains
• Staurolit (Fe₂Al₉Si₄O₂₃(OH))1 sample, at most 6 grains

Groundwater: chemistry, water types and radioactivity

Hydrogeochemical objects (analyses of springs and boreholes), the geochemical atlas of groundwater (1996) and radiohydrochemical sampling. Groundwater feeds streams, so its composition also affects the water in the stream.

Metals in groundwater

• AntimonySbextreme (top 1 %)
  highest 32.5 μg/lmedian 1.10 μg/l9 samples22 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1991, 2.7 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 99 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAshigh (top 5 %)
  highest 6.40 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l9 samples67 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1991, 1.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 96 of all samples in Slovakia.

• SeleniumSehigh (top 5 %)
  highest 3.00 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l9 samples78 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1991, 2.2 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 96 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCuslightly elevated
  highest 2.20 μg/lmedian 1.70 μg/l9 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1991, 2.2 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 77 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LithiumLitypical value
  highest 9.00 μg/lmedian 2.00 μg/l9 samples44 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1991, 2.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 56 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ZincZntypical value
  highest 28.0 μg/lmedian 2.00 μg/l9 samples33 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1991, 240 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 52 of all samples in Slovakia.

• IronFetypical value
  highest 0.00500 mg/lmedian 0.00500 mg/l2 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1991, 240 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 50 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CadmiumCdbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.250 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l9 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1991, 1.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 47 of all samples in Slovakia.

• MercuryHgbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.100 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l9 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1991, 1.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 46 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l9 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1991, 1.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 30 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AluminiumAlbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.00500 mg/lmedian 0.00500 mg/l9 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1991, 1.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 30 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.250 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l9 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1991, 1.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 29 of all samples in Slovakia.

Radon in waters

Mine workings, deposits and ore occurrences

Old mine workings outside mining areas (Geofond register), deposits and mining areas, and the metallogenetic map. Gold, silver and other metals near streams can get into sediments and water.

Deposits and mining areas

Ore occurrences in the metallogenic map

Boreholes and Geofond archive reports

Register of hydrogeological boreholes, other boreholes and geothermal boreholes. Each borehole has a report in the Geofond archive (geological profiles, pumping tests, chemical analyses of the water); the report number is in the table.

48 boreholes in the 3 km zone, of which 7 hydrogeological and 41 other; with an archive report number 48.

Borehole depths

• up to 10 m37×
• 10–30 m2×
• 30–100 m6×
• 100–300 m3×
• over 300 m0×

Nearest boreholes

Geothermal energy and mineral waters

Geothermal boreholes (wellhead water temperature, yield, chemical type) and sources of geothermal and mineral waters within 10 km. Data on the use and existence of a borehole come from the Geofond register.

Sources of geothermal and mineral waters

Environmental burdens, landfills and anthropogenic sediments

Recorded environmental burdens (industrial sites, landfills, mining), the register of waste landfills and monitoring of anthropogenic sediments (industrial sludge). It is a list of places, not a measurement of water pollution.

Waste landfills

Landslides and slope deformations

Register of documented slope deformations (Geofond). Landslides by a stream can bring fine material into the water, change the bed and dam the channel.

Types of deformations

• Landslides9×

Degree of activity

• Potenciálny6×
• Stabilizovaný3×

Current state

• SD taken from archival materials, ktorá bola konfrontova4×
• SD zaregistrovaná v rámci terénneho výskumu na úlohe Atlas S4×
• Processed only in the scope of registration on a scale of 1:25,0001×