Bystrica (Prievidza)

Geological structure beneath the water

Which rock lies beneath the water line (Geological Map of Slovakia 1:50,000), how old it is, how thick the Quaternary cover is and in which tectonic unit the water flows. The bedrock decides the hardness of the water, the bottom, the turbidity after rain and the abundance of springs.

The points follow the water line (for a stream and a basin, fishing district after fishing district). The strip is a cross-section by distance, not a map; the width of a section corresponds to the number of points.

• River alluvium40%SR 72 %
• Volcanic rocks40%SR 3.2 %
• Young sediments20%SR 8.6 %

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River alluvium: Gravelly and sandy bottom and floodplains; the water is replenished from groundwater in the alluvium.

Geological age of the rocks

• Quaternary60%
• neovolcanic rocks40%

Most common rock units

Quaternary cover

• proluvial sediments of terraced alluvial cones67%SR 2.5 %
• deluvial sediments33%SR 16 %

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• Typical thickness of the Quaternary cover8.0m

• 10 – 1550%SR 7.1 %
• 2 – 550%SR 48 %

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Tectonic units

• HRONIKUM100%SR 8.1 %

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Tectonic division

• NEOALPÍNSKE TEKTONICKÉ ŠTRUKTÚRY ZÁPADNÝCH KARPÁT83%SR 84 %
• Paleo-Alpine tectonic units of the Inner Western Carpathians17%SR 16 %

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Neotectonic units

• positive unit (mountain range)100%SR 60 %

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Direction of neotectonic movements

• large uplift100%SR 26 %

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Regional geological division

• neovolcanic rocks86%SR 10 %
• intramontane basins14%SR 44 %

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Regional geological division (subunits)

• Central Slovak neovolcanic rocks86%SR 8.8 %
• inner basins14%SR 4.5 %

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Engineering-geological districts

• region of effusive rocks75%SR 3.1 %
• region of proluvial cones and mantles25%SR 2.7 %

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Engineering-geological formations

• neovolcanic formation75%SR 4.5 %
• formation of Quaternary sediments25%SR 71 %

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Susceptibility of the area to slope deformations

• Region of stable areas100%SR 95 %

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The map covers 5 of 9 points on the water line.

Hydrogeology: aquifers and groundwater

Streams and rivers are fed by groundwater. Hydrogeological maps show in which rocks the water is stored, how permeable they are and what the water in them is like. The data come from ŠGÚDŠ maps, not from measurements at a particular water.

Aquifer rocks (hydrogeological map 1:200,000)

• Acid volcanic rocks40%SR 3.2 %
• Gravel20%SR 52 %
• Sand20%SR 3.9 %
• Basic volcanic rocks20%SR 6.6 %

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Aquifer type

• Menšie zvodnence s medzizrnovým alebo puklinovým typom priepustnosti alebo oblasti s takmer žiadnymi množstvami podzemnej vody40%SR 3.2 %
• Menšie zvodnence s medzizrnovým alebo puklinovým typom priepustnosti alebo oblasti s takmer žiadnymi množstvami podzemnej vody (Gravel)20%SR 1.1 %
• Menšie zvodnence s medzizrnovým alebo puklinovým typom priepustnosti alebo oblasti s takmer žiadnymi množstvami podzemnej vody (Sand)20%SR 2.4 %
• Menšie zvodnence s medzizrnovým alebo puklinovým typom priepustnosti alebo oblasti s takmer žiadnymi množstvami podzemnej vody20%SR 6.4 %

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Type of permeability (basic hydrogeological map 1:50,000)

• intergranular100%SR 86 %

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Hydrogeological function

• aquifer100%SR 95 %

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Main hydrogeological region

• Neogene and Quaternary of the Hornonitrian Basin100%SR 0.0 %

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Geothermal groundwater bodies

• Upper Nitra Basin100%SR 3.4 %

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Surface water chemistry according to the atlas

Modelled composition of the water in the area the fishing district line runs through. The rasters of the Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (surface waters) are an interpolation of measurements in sampled streams, so they show the typical background of the area, not a measurement in a particular stream.

Ionic composition of the water

Water type by dominant ions: Ca–HCO₃

Shares are in equivalents, the usual way of comparing the composition of waters.

Major ions

• ChloridesCl18.2 mg/lpercentile 66
• SodiumNa8.52 mg/lpercentile 48
• FluoridesF0.104 mg/lpercentile 44
• PotassiumK1.96 mg/lpercentile 31
• SulphatesSO422.7 mg/lpercentile 21
• CalciumCa27.8 mg/lpercentile 17
• MagnesiumMg5.55 mg/lpercentile 13
• BicarbonatesHCO371.6 mg/lpercentile 11

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Nutrients and organic pollution

• NitratesNO39.38 mg/lpercentile 70
• PhosphatesPO40.268 mg/lpercentile 66
• AmmoniumNH40.115 mg/lpercentile 52
• Chemical oxygen demandChSK2.23 mg/lpercentile 26

Metals

• AluminiumAl261 μg/lpercentile 86
• IronFe0.0913 mg/lpercentile 45
• ManganeseMn24.1 μg/lpercentile 44
• ZincZn5.47 μg/lpercentile 41

Elements in river sediments

The Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (river sediments) describes what the river carries in the fine material on its bed. Sediment collects metals from rocks, ore occurrences and past mining and industry. It is not a legal limit or a health risk assessment: it shows how an element on this stream ranks among streams in Slovakia.

Potentially toxic and trace elements

• VanadiumV130 mg/kgpercentile 95
• MercuryHg2.13 mg/kgpercentile 95
• CobaltCo13.2 mg/kgpercentile 91
• SeleniumSe0.513 mg/kgpercentile 87
• ArsenicAs13.9 mg/kgpercentile 84
• LeadPb15.3 mg/kgpercentile 48
• ZincZn90.7 mg/kgpercentile 44
• CadmiumCd0.140 mg/kgpercentile 38
• NickelNi21.9 mg/kgpercentile 36
• CopperCu19.1 mg/kgpercentile 29
• TinSn2.14 mg/kgpercentile 28
• MolybdenumMo0.249 mg/kgpercentile 24
• AntimonySb0.347 mg/kgpercentile 17
• BismuthBi0.120 mg/kgpercentile 12
• ChromiumCr41.5 mg/kgpercentile 8

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Natural radioactivity and radon

Airborne gamma-ray spectrometry by ŠGÚDŠ measures radiation from potassium, uranium and thorium in rocks and soil. Granites and some acidic volcanic rocks have the highest values, limestones and floodplains the lowest. Caesium-137 is a remnant of fallout from the Chernobyl accident and nuclear weapons tests.

• Equivalent uranium (eU)eU2.87 ppm77th percentile
• Equivalent thorium (eTh)eTh8.20 ppm72th percentile
• Potassium (K)K1.25 %percentile 29

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

• Areal activity of 137CsCS1371,361 Bq/m²percentile 42

Radon risk by isopleths

• low83%SR 36 %
• medium17%SR 64 %

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Geophysical fields: magnetics and gravity

Maps of the magnetic field and gravity (ŠGÚDŠ) reveal what lies beneath the sediments and the surface: volcanic bodies, faults and crustal thickness. For an angler they are interesting indirectly: they show where the bedrock changes, and with it the water.

Geothermal potential

The Atlas of Geothermal Energy of Slovakia records rock temperature and heat flow from the Earth's interior. It is the potential of the area, not the actual warmth of the water in the stream. Specific geothermal boreholes and springs near this water are in the geothermal energy section below.

Geothermal groundwater bodies beneath the water line

• Upper Nitra Basin100%SR 3.4 %

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Relief, climate and soils

A basin is not just water: slope and elevation determine the speed of runoff, climate the temperature and amount of water, and soils what is washed into the stream. The data come from the geomorphological division, climatic-geographical types and soil maps of ŠGÚDŠ.

• Elevation of geomorphological units (from–to)199–1 346m a.s.l.
• Average elevation of the units541m a.s.l.
• Average slope10.3°
• Average January temperature-3.9°C
• Average July temperature17.6°C
• Annual precipitation788mm

Geomorphological units

• Vtáčnik56%SR 0.0 %
• Upper Nitra Basin44%SR 1.4 %

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Geomorphological regions

• Slovak Central Mountains56%SR 9.1 %
• Fatra–Tatra area44%SR 21 %

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Climatic-geographical types

• basin climate75%SR 29 %
• mountain climate25%SR 33 %

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Susceptibility of soils to acidification

• soils susceptible to acidification100%SR 31 %

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Soil contamination (map 1:500,000)

• relatively clean soil100%SR 53 %

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Lithogeochemical types

• Neogene volcanics67%SR 11 %
• Mesozoic of the Bradl zone and the central Western Carpathians22%SR 10 %
• Neogene11%SR 48 %

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Map of the corridor

Where the nearest mine workings, deposits, burdens, geothermal boreholes and gold finds are. Groups can be switched off.

Trace elements in surface waters

Arsenic, antimony, cadmium, lead, copper, zinc and other elements in samples from rivers and streams (Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia, surface waters, 2015). The bar shows where the highest value lies among all samples in Slovakia; the light marker is the median of the samples at this water.

• StrontiumSrextreme (top 1 %)
  highest 2,300 μg/lmedian 115 μg/l10 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: NITRA2005, 650 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 99 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAsextreme (top 1 %)
  highest 111 μg/lmedian 1.35 μg/l12 samples42 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Nitra1992, 800 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 99 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LithiumLielevated (top 10 %)
  highest 41.0 μg/lmedian 5.00 μg/l12 samples67 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Nitra1992, 800 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 94 of all samples in Slovakia.

• BariumBaslightly elevated
  highest 80.0 μg/lmedian 10.0 μg/l11 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Nitra1992, 800 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 83 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CadmiumCdslightly elevated
  highest 0.250 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l11 samples18 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Bystrica, potok, 100 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 75 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCutypical value
  highest 1.90 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l11 samples82 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Nitra1993, 200 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 64 of all samples in Slovakia.

• SeleniumSebelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l11 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Bystrica2009, 60 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 46 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 2.50 μg/lmedian 2.50 μg/l11 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Bystrica2009, 60 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 43 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l9 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Bystrica, potok1992, 100 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 37 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 1.00 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l11 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Bystrica2009, 60 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 32 of all samples in Slovakia.

Major ions, mineralisation and pH

Basic water chemistry: which rocks the minerals in it come from.

• Silicon dioxideSiO2elevated (top 10 %)
  highest 34.8 mg/lmedian 27.0 mg/l13 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Žiarsky potok1992, 40 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 92 of all samples in Slovakia.

Gold and ore minerals in river sediments

Regional panning prospecting: the heavy fraction was washed out of river gravel and the mineral grains in it were counted. The map of finds is positive: a sample without gold is not listed in the atlas, so the absence of a find is not proof that there is no gold.

• Hematite (Fe₂O₃)68 samples, at most 55 grains
• Ilmenit (FeTiO₃)43 samples, at most 1815 grains
• Magnetite (Fe₃O₄)43 samples, at most 315 grains
• Limonite (FeO(OH)·nH₂O)34 samples, at most 315 grains
• Rutil (TiO₂)15 samples, at most 55 grains
• Pyrite (FeS₂)10 samples, at most 5 grains
• Barite (BaSO₄)8 samples, at most 5 grains
• Scheelit (CaWO₄)3 samples, at most 1 grains
• Sphalerite (ZnS)3 samples, at most 2 grains
• Monazit ((Ce,La,Nd)PO₄)1 sample, at most 5 grains
• Anatas (TiO₂)1 sample, at most 5 grains
• Kasiterit (SnO₂)1 sample, at most 1 grains
• Gold (Au)1 sample, at most 1 grains

Nearest samples with gold

Rock-forming and accessory minerals

• Pyroxény ((Mg,Fe,Ca)₂Si₂O₆)43 samples, at most 4115 grains
• Granáty ((Fe,Mg,Ca,Mn)₃Al₂Si₃O₁₂)41 samples, at most 315 grains
• Korund (Al₂O₃)40 samples, at most 55 grains
• Zirconium (ZrSiO₄)39 samples, at most 315 grains
• Amfiboly (Ca₂(Mg,Fe)₅Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂)38 samples, at most 1815 grains
• Apatit (Ca₅(PO₄)₃(F,Cl,OH))21 samples, at most 315 grains
• Sillimanit (Al₂SiO₅)2 samples, at most 5 grains
• Epidot (Ca₂(Al,Fe)₃Si₃O₁₂(OH))2 samples, at most 5 grains
• Titanit (CaTiSiO₅)1 sample, at most 403 grains
• Tourmalines (complex borosilicate)1 sample, at most 5 grains

Groundwater: chemistry, water types and radioactivity

Hydrogeochemical objects (analyses of springs and boreholes), the geochemical atlas of groundwater (1996) and radiohydrochemical sampling. Groundwater feeds streams, so its composition also affects the water in the stream.

Chemical water types nearby

• Mg-Ca-SO4-HCO31×

Water quality class according to the hydrogeochemical map

• class A1×

Metals in groundwater

• ArsenicAsextreme (top 1 %)
  highest 4,900 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l44 samples48 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: drenáž1992, 1.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 100 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LithiumLiextreme (top 1 %)
  highest 268 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l44 samples61 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: drenáž1992, 1.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 99 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AluminiumAlextreme (top 1 %)
  highest 0.510 mg/lmedian 0.00500 mg/l44 samples82 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 2.6 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 99 of all samples in Slovakia.

• MercuryHghigh (top 5 %)
  highest 0.400 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l44 samples91 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: drenáž1992, 1.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 98 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ZincZnhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 3,000 μg/lmedian 6.00 μg/l44 samples32 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1992, 2.4 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 98 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CadmiumCdhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 0.900 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l44 samples93 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1992, 2.4 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 96 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCuhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 7.70 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l44 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1992, 230 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 96 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 0.900 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l44 samples95 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: drenáž1992, 1.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 95 of all samples in Slovakia.

• SeleniumSeelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 1.90 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l44 samples98 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.7 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 91 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbslightly elevated
  highest 1.00 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l44 samples95 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1992, 1.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 75 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrtypical value
  highest 0.700 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l44 samples84 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 1.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 72 of all samples in Slovakia.

• IronFetypical value
  highest 0.00500 mg/lmedian 0.00500 mg/l9 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1994, 2.4 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 50 of all samples in Slovakia.

Radon in waters

Mine workings, deposits and ore occurrences

Old mine workings outside mining areas (Geofond register), deposits and mining areas, and the metallogenetic map. Gold, silver and other metals near streams can get into sediments and water.

Types of mining objects

• spoil heap3×

Nearest old mine workings

Deposits and mining areas

Boreholes and Geofond archive reports

Register of hydrogeological boreholes, other boreholes and geothermal boreholes. Each borehole has a report in the Geofond archive (geological profiles, pumping tests, chemical analyses of the water); the report number is in the table.

216 boreholes in the 3 km zone, of which 66 hydrogeological and 150 other; with an archive report number 215.

Borehole depths

• up to 10 m101×
• 10–30 m65×
• 30–100 m34×
• 100–300 m7×
• over 300 m1×

Nearest boreholes

Geothermal energy and mineral waters

Geothermal boreholes (wellhead water temperature, yield, chemical type) and sources of geothermal and mineral waters within 10 km. Data on the use and existence of a borehole come from the Geofond register.

Sources of geothermal and mineral waters

Environmental burdens, landfills and anthropogenic sediments

Recorded environmental burdens (industrial sites, landfills, mining), the register of waste landfills and monitoring of anthropogenic sediments (industrial sludge). It is a list of places, not a measurement of water pollution.

Environmental burdens

Waste landfills

Landslides and slope deformations

Register of documented slope deformations (Geofond). Landslides by a stream can bring fine material into the water, change the bed and dam the channel.

Types of deformations

• Landslides8×
• Block fields4×
• Block fissures1×
• Block fields + landslides1×

Degree of activity

• Stabilizovaný10×
• Potenciálny4×

Current state

• SD taken from archival materials, ktorá bola konfrontova12×
• SD zaregistrovaná v rámci terénneho výskumu na úlohe Atlas S1×