VN Bolešov – Gilianka

Geological structure beneath the water

Which rock lies beneath the water line (Geological Map of Slovakia 1:50,000), how old it is, how thick the Quaternary cover is and in which tectonic unit the water flows. The bedrock decides the hardness of the water, the bottom, the turbidity after rain and the abundance of springs.

Neotectonic units

• positive unit (mountain range)100%SR 60 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Direction of neotectonic movements

• small uplift100%SR 7.7 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Susceptibility of the area to slope deformations

• Region of stable areas100%SR 95 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

The map covers 0 of 1 points on the water line.

Hydrogeology: aquifers and groundwater

Streams and rivers are fed by groundwater. Hydrogeological maps show in which rocks the water is stored, how permeable they are and what the water in them is like. The data come from ŠGÚDŠ maps, not from measurements at a particular water.

Aquifer rocks (hydrogeological map 1:200,000)

• Sandstones100%SR 15 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Aquifer type

• Menšie zvodnence s medzizrnovým alebo puklinovým typom priepustnosti alebo oblasti s takmer žiadnymi množstvami podzemnej vody (Sandstones)100%SR 15 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Surface water chemistry according to the atlas

Modelled composition of the water in the area the fishing district line runs through. The rasters of the Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (surface waters) are an interpolation of measurements in sampled streams, so they show the typical background of the area, not a measurement in a particular stream.

Ionic composition of the water

Water type by dominant ions: Ca–Mg–HCO₃

Shares are in equivalents, the usual way of comparing the composition of waters.

Major ions

• BicarbonatesHCO3294 mg/lpercentile 75
• CalciumCa83.7 mg/lpercentile 73
• MagnesiumMg19.5 mg/lpercentile 64
• SulphatesSO451.8 mg/lpercentile 63
• ChloridesCl6.46 mg/lpercentile 42
• SodiumNa7.01 mg/lpercentile 40
• PotassiumK2.15 mg/lpercentile 34
• FluoridesF0.0602 mg/lpercentile 16

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Nutrients and organic pollution

• NitratesNO35.98 mg/lpercentile 47
• PhosphatesPO40.0810 mg/lpercentile 39
• AmmoniumNH40.0790 mg/lpercentile 38
• Chemical oxygen demandChSK1.80 mg/lpercentile 15

Metals

• AluminiumAl779 μg/lpercentile 95
• ZincZn17.0 μg/lpercentile 82
• ManganeseMn11.6 μg/lpercentile 25
• IronFe0.0110 mg/lpercentile 2

Elements in river sediments

The Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (river sediments) describes what the river carries in the fine material on its bed. Sediment collects metals from rocks, ore occurrences and past mining and industry. It is not a legal limit or a health risk assessment: it shows how an element on this stream ranks among streams in Slovakia.

Potentially toxic and trace elements

• SeleniumSe0.398 mg/kgpercentile 77
• BismuthBi0.268 mg/kgpercentile 66
• NickelNi28.1 mg/kgpercentile 65
• CobaltCo9.06 mg/kgpercentile 60
• ChromiumCr76.3 mg/kgpercentile 56
• LeadPb16.6 mg/kgpercentile 55
• CopperCu22.9 mg/kgpercentile 47
• CadmiumCd0.161 mg/kgpercentile 44
• MercuryHg0.0716 mg/kgpercentile 30
• ArsenicAs5.13 mg/kgpercentile 28
• ZincZn74.0 mg/kgpercentile 23
• VanadiumV56.4 mg/kgpercentile 20
• TinSn1.93 mg/kgpercentile 18
• MolybdenumMo0.166 mg/kgpercentile 11
• AntimonySb0.229 mg/kgpercentile 4

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Natural radioactivity and radon

Airborne gamma-ray spectrometry by ŠGÚDŠ measures radiation from potassium, uranium and thorium in rocks and soil. Granites and some acidic volcanic rocks have the highest values, limestones and floodplains the lowest. Caesium-137 is a remnant of fallout from the Chernobyl accident and nuclear weapons tests.

• Potassium (K)K1.58 %percentile 88
• Equivalent thorium (eTh)eTh8.20 ppm72th percentile
• Equivalent uranium (eU)eU2.67 ppm62th percentile

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

• Areal activity of 137CsCS1371,160 Bq/m²percentile 28

Radon risk by isopleths

• medium100%SR 64 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Geophysical fields: magnetics and gravity

Maps of the magnetic field and gravity (ŠGÚDŠ) reveal what lies beneath the sediments and the surface: volcanic bodies, faults and crustal thickness. For an angler they are interesting indirectly: they show where the bedrock changes, and with it the water.

Geothermal potential

The Atlas of Geothermal Energy of Slovakia records rock temperature and heat flow from the Earth's interior. It is the potential of the area, not the actual warmth of the water in the stream. Specific geothermal boreholes and springs near this water are in the geothermal energy section below.

• Rock temperature at 2,000 m depth55°C
• Surface heat flow density65mW/m²

Relief, climate and soils

A basin is not just water: slope and elevation determine the speed of runoff, climate the temperature and amount of water, and soils what is washed into the stream. The data come from the geomorphological division, climatic-geographical types and soil maps of ŠGÚDŠ.

• Elevation of geomorphological units (from–to)182–485m a.s.l.
• Average elevation of the units289m a.s.l.
• Average slope7.9°

Geomorphological units

• Považie Valley100%SR 1.5 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Geomorphological regions

• Slovak-Moravian Carpathians100%SR 5.4 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Susceptibility of soils to acidification

• soils susceptible to acidification100%SR 31 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Soil contamination (map 1:500,000)

• relatively clean soil100%SR 53 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Lithogeochemical types

• Clayey-sandy sediments of the Cretaceous and Paleogene of the Klippen Belt, Tatricum and Hronicum100%SR 2.9 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Map of the corridor

Where the nearest mine workings, deposits, burdens, geothermal boreholes and gold finds are. Groups can be switched off.

Trace elements in surface waters

Arsenic, antimony, cadmium, lead, copper, zinc and other elements in samples from rivers and streams (Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia, surface waters, 2015). The bar shows where the highest value lies among all samples in Slovakia; the light marker is the median of the samples at this water.

• StrontiumSrelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 490 μg/lmedian 490 μg/l1 sample
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Bolešov-Bolešovská dolina, 1000 m SZ od K4381995, 950 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 90 of all samples in Slovakia.

• BariumBaslightly elevated
  highest 74.0 μg/lmedian 74.0 μg/l1 sample
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Bolešov-Bolešovská dolina, 1000 m SZ od K4381995, 950 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 80 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCuslightly elevated
  highest 2.70 μg/lmedian 2.70 μg/l1 sample
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Bolešov-Bolešovská dolina, 1000 m SZ od K4381995, 950 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 77 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAsbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.840 μg/lmedian 0.840 μg/l1 sample
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Bolešov-Bolešovská dolina, 1000 m SZ od K4381995, 950 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 48 of all samples in Slovakia.

• SeleniumSebelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l1 sample100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Bolešov-Bolešovská dolina, 1000 m SZ od K4381995, 950 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 46 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 2.50 μg/lmedian 2.50 μg/l1 sample100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Bolešov-Bolešovská dolina, 1000 m SZ od K4381995, 950 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 43 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l1 sample100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Bolešov-Bolešovská dolina, 1000 m SZ od K4381995, 950 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 37 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LithiumLibelow half of Slovakia
  highest 5.00 μg/lmedian 5.00 μg/l1 sample100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Bolešov-Bolešovská dolina, 1000 m SZ od K4381995, 950 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 34 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 1.00 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l1 sample100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Bolešov-Bolešovská dolina, 1000 m SZ od K4381995, 950 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 32 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CadmiumCdbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.150 μg/lmedian 0.150 μg/l1 sample100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Bolešov-Bolešovská dolina, 1000 m SZ od K438, 950 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 26 of all samples in Slovakia.

Major ions, mineralisation and pH

Basic water chemistry: which rocks the minerals in it come from.

• Silicon dioxideSiO2below half of Slovakia
  highest 7.52 mg/lmedian 7.52 mg/l1 sample
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Bolešov-Bolešovská dolina, 1000 m SZ od K4381995, 950 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 30 of all samples in Slovakia.

Gold and ore minerals in river sediments

Regional panning prospecting: the heavy fraction was washed out of river gravel and the mineral grains in it were counted. The map of finds is positive: a sample without gold is not listed in the atlas, so the absence of a find is not proof that there is no gold.

• Anatas (TiO₂)5 samples, at most 55 grains
• Barite (BaSO₄)5 samples, at most 815 grains
• Limonite (FeO(OH)·nH₂O)5 samples, at most 55 grains
• Rutil (TiO₂)5 samples, at most 315 grains
• Ilmenit (FeTiO₃)4 samples, at most 55 grains
• Magnetite (Fe₃O₄)3 samples, at most 5 grains
• Monazit ((Ce,La,Nd)PO₄)1 sample, at most 5 grains
• Pyrite (FeS₂)1 sample, at most 5 grains
• Sphalerite (ZnS)1 sample, at most 5 grains

Rock-forming and accessory minerals

• Apatit (Ca₅(PO₄)₃(F,Cl,OH))5 samples, at most 5 grains
• Epidot (Ca₂(Al,Fe)₃Si₃O₁₂(OH))5 samples, at most 5 grains
• Granáty ((Fe,Mg,Ca,Mn)₃Al₂Si₃O₁₂)5 samples, at most 815 grains
• Pyroxény ((Mg,Fe,Ca)₂Si₂O₆)5 samples, at most 55 grains
• Spinel (Cr-spinel) ((Mg,Fe)(Al,Cr)₂O₄)5 samples, at most 815 grains
• Tourmalines (complex borosilicate)5 samples, at most 315 grains
• Zirconium (ZrSiO₄)5 samples, at most 55 grains
• Amfiboly (Ca₂(Mg,Fe)₅Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂)3 samples, at most 5 grains
• Sillimanit (Al₂SiO₅)1 sample, at most 5 grains
• Staurolit (Fe₂Al₉Si₄O₂₃(OH))1 sample, at most 5 grains

Groundwater: chemistry, water types and radioactivity

Hydrogeochemical objects (analyses of springs and boreholes), the geochemical atlas of groundwater (1996) and radiohydrochemical sampling. Groundwater feeds streams, so its composition also affects the water in the stream.

Metals in groundwater

• MercuryHghigh (top 5 %)
  highest 0.300 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l8 samples88 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.6 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 96 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCuhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 6.90 μg/lmedian 2.05 μg/l8 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.2 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 95 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CadmiumCdhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l8 samples88 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.2 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 95 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 2.00 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l8 samples38 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.2 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 90 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ZincZnslightly elevated
  highest 387 μg/lmedian 41.0 μg/l8 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 570 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 86 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AluminiumAlslightly elevated
  highest 0.0200 mg/lmedian 0.00500 mg/l8 samples63 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1993, 2.1 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 80 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LithiumLislightly elevated
  highest 17.0 μg/lmedian 8.50 μg/l8 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1993, 2.1 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 76 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrtypical value
  highest 0.700 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l8 samples63 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.2 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 72 of all samples in Slovakia.

• IronFetypical value
  highest 0.00500 mg/lmedian 0.00500 mg/l5 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1993, 2.4 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 50 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.100 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l8 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.6 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 40 of all samples in Slovakia.

• SeleniumSebelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l8 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.6 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 39 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAsbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l8 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.6 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 38 of all samples in Slovakia.

Radon in waters

Mine workings, deposits and ore occurrences

Old mine workings outside mining areas (Geofond register), deposits and mining areas, and the metallogenetic map. Gold, silver and other metals near streams can get into sediments and water.

Types of mining objects

• spoil heap1×

Nearest old mine workings

Deposits and mining areas

Boreholes and Geofond archive reports

Register of hydrogeological boreholes, other boreholes and geothermal boreholes. Each borehole has a report in the Geofond archive (geological profiles, pumping tests, chemical analyses of the water); the report number is in the table.

91 boreholes in the 3 km zone, of which 13 hydrogeological and 78 other; with an archive report number 91.

Borehole depths

• up to 10 m34×
• 10–30 m33×
• 30–100 m24×
• 100–300 m0×
• over 300 m0×

Nearest boreholes

Geothermal energy and mineral waters

Geothermal boreholes (wellhead water temperature, yield, chemical type) and sources of geothermal and mineral waters within 10 km. Data on the use and existence of a borehole come from the Geofond register.

Sources of geothermal and mineral waters

Environmental burdens, landfills and anthropogenic sediments

Recorded environmental burdens (industrial sites, landfills, mining), the register of waste landfills and monitoring of anthropogenic sediments (industrial sludge). It is a list of places, not a measurement of water pollution.

Waste landfills

Landslides and slope deformations

Register of documented slope deformations (Geofond). Landslides by a stream can bring fine material into the water, change the bed and dam the channel.

Types of deformations

• Landslides7×
• Block fields4×

Degree of activity

• Stabilizovaný7×
• Potenciálny4×

Current state

• Processed only in the scope of registration on a scale of 1:25,0003×
• SD taken from archival materials, ktorá bola konfrontova2×
• Insufficiently documented1×