VN Kadurka

Geological structure beneath the water

Which rock lies beneath the water line (Geological Map of Slovakia 1:50,000), how old it is, how thick the Quaternary cover is and in which tectonic unit the water flows. The bedrock decides the hardness of the water, the bottom, the turbidity after rain and the abundance of springs.

The points follow the water line (for a stream and a basin, fishing district after fishing district). The strip is a cross-section by distance, not a map; the width of a section corresponds to the number of points.

• River alluvium100%SR 72 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

River alluvium: Gravelly and sandy bottom and floodplains; the water is replenished from groundwater in the alluvium.

Geological age of the rocks

• Quaternary100%

Most common rock units

Tectonic units

• MAGURSKÝ PRÍKROV100%SR 34 %

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Tectonic division

• NEOALPÍNSKE TEKTONICKÉ ŠTRUKTÚRY ZÁPADNÝCH KARPÁT100%SR 84 %

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Regional geological division

• flysch belt100%SR 9.6 %

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Regional geological division (subunits)

• Magura flysch100%SR 5.9 %

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Engineering-geological districts

• region of proluvial cones and mantles100%SR 2.7 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Engineering-geological formations

• formation of Quaternary sediments100%SR 71 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Susceptibility of the area to slope deformations

• Region of stable areas100%SR 95 %

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The map covers 1 of 1 points on the water line.

Hydrogeology: aquifers and groundwater

Streams and rivers are fed by groundwater. Hydrogeological maps show in which rocks the water is stored, how permeable they are and what the water in them is like. The data come from ŠGÚDŠ maps, not from measurements at a particular water.

Aquifer rocks (hydrogeological map 1:200,000)

• Gravel100%SR 52 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Aquifer type

• Menšie zvodnence s medzizrnovým alebo puklinovým typom priepustnosti alebo oblasti s takmer žiadnymi množstvami podzemnej vody (Gravel)100%SR 22 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Surface water chemistry according to the atlas

Modelled composition of the water in the area the fishing district line runs through. The rasters of the Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (surface waters) are an interpolation of measurements in sampled streams, so they show the typical background of the area, not a measurement in a particular stream.

Ionic composition of the water

Water type by dominant ions: Ca–HCO₃

Shares are in equivalents, the usual way of comparing the composition of waters.

Major ions

• CalciumCa69.0 mg/lpercentile 57
• BicarbonatesHCO3221 mg/lpercentile 53
• SulphatesSO439.6 mg/lpercentile 49
• SodiumNa8.02 mg/lpercentile 45
• ChloridesCl5.97 mg/lpercentile 40
• FluoridesF0.0827 mg/lpercentile 31
• MagnesiumMg9.29 mg/lpercentile 29
• PotassiumK1.70 mg/lpercentile 25

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Nutrients and organic pollution

• AmmoniumNH40.175 mg/lpercentile 65
• PhosphatesPO40.0905 mg/lpercentile 41
• NitratesNO33.94 mg/lpercentile 26
• Chemical oxygen demandChSK2.20 mg/lpercentile 25

Metals

• IronFe0.249 mg/lpercentile 80
• ManganeseMn73.4 μg/lpercentile 73
• AluminiumAl129 μg/lpercentile 67
• ZincZn8.15 μg/lpercentile 58

Elements in river sediments

The Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (river sediments) describes what the river carries in the fine material on its bed. Sediment collects metals from rocks, ore occurrences and past mining and industry. It is not a legal limit or a health risk assessment: it shows how an element on this stream ranks among streams in Slovakia.

Potentially toxic and trace elements

• ChromiumCr80.9 mg/kgpercentile 63
• NickelNi27.0 mg/kgpercentile 61
• SeleniumSe0.292 mg/kgpercentile 60
• CopperCu25.1 mg/kgpercentile 56
• MercuryHg0.109 mg/kgpercentile 53
• ZincZn88.3 mg/kgpercentile 41
• CobaltCo7.57 mg/kgpercentile 35
• LeadPb13.0 mg/kgpercentile 34
• BismuthBi0.172 mg/kgpercentile 31
• VanadiumV59.4 mg/kgpercentile 28
• MolybdenumMo0.243 mg/kgpercentile 23
• TinSn1.99 mg/kgpercentile 20
• AntimonySb0.360 mg/kgpercentile 18
• ArsenicAs4.03 mg/kgpercentile 12
• CadmiumCd0.0635 mg/kgpercentile 10

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Natural radioactivity and radon

Airborne gamma-ray spectrometry by ŠGÚDŠ measures radiation from potassium, uranium and thorium in rocks and soil. Granites and some acidic volcanic rocks have the highest values, limestones and floodplains the lowest. Caesium-137 is a remnant of fallout from the Chernobyl accident and nuclear weapons tests.

• Equivalent uranium (eU)eU2.34 ppm24th percentile
• Equivalent thorium (eTh)eTh6.18 ppm13th percentile
• Potassium (K)K1.05 %percentile 8

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

• Areal activity of 137CsCS1372,547 Bq/m²percentile 81

Radon risk by isopleths

• medium100%SR 64 %

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Geophysical fields: magnetics and gravity

Maps of the magnetic field and gravity (ŠGÚDŠ) reveal what lies beneath the sediments and the surface: volcanic bodies, faults and crustal thickness. For an angler they are interesting indirectly: they show where the bedrock changes, and with it the water.

Geothermal potential

The Atlas of Geothermal Energy of Slovakia records rock temperature and heat flow from the Earth's interior. It is the potential of the area, not the actual warmth of the water in the stream. Specific geothermal boreholes and springs near this water are in the geothermal energy section below.

Relief, climate and soils

A basin is not just water: slope and elevation determine the speed of runoff, climate the temperature and amount of water, and soils what is washed into the stream. The data come from the geomorphological division, climatic-geographical types and soil maps of ŠGÚDŠ.

• Average January temperature-3.8°C
• Average July temperature17.8°C
• Annual precipitation700mm

Climatic-geographical types

• basin climate100%SR 29 %

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Susceptibility of soils to acidification

• soils not susceptible to acidification100%SR 27 %

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Soil contamination (map 1:500,000)

• uncontaminated soil, the geogenically determined content of some risk elements reaches limit values A100%SR 45 %

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Map of the corridor

Where the nearest mine workings, deposits, burdens, geothermal boreholes and gold finds are. Groups can be switched off.

Groundwater: chemistry, water types and radioactivity

Hydrogeochemical objects (analyses of springs and boreholes), the geochemical atlas of groundwater (1996) and radiohydrochemical sampling. Groundwater feeds streams, so its composition also affects the water in the stream.

Chemical water types nearby

• Ca-Mg-HCO38×
• Ca-HCO33×
• Na-Mg-Ca-HCO31×

Water quality class according to the hydrogeochemical map

• class A9×
• class G1×
• class B1×
• class F1×

Metals in groundwater

• MercuryHghigh (top 5 %)
  highest 0.400 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l11 samples91 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1992, 760 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 98 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ZincZnhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 1,988 μg/lmedian 14.0 μg/l11 samples18 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1992, 760 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 96 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CadmiumCdhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 0.900 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l11 samples91 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1992, 760 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 96 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 4.10 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l11 samples82 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 2.5 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 95 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 3.00 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l11 samples73 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1992, 2.6 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 95 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AluminiumAlelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 0.0500 mg/lmedian 0.00500 mg/l11 samples91 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1992, 760 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 91 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAselevated (top 10 %)
  highest 2.30 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l11 samples91 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: drenáž1992, 2.1 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 90 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 0.400 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l11 samples64 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 1.8 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 90 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LithiumLislightly elevated
  highest 23.0 μg/lmedian 7.00 μg/l11 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 2.1 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 81 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCuslightly elevated
  highest 2.40 μg/lmedian 0.800 μg/l11 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1992, 1.6 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 79 of all samples in Slovakia.

• IronFetypical value
  highest 0.00500 mg/lmedian 0.00500 mg/l6 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 2.5 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 50 of all samples in Slovakia.

• SeleniumSebelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l11 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 2.5 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 39 of all samples in Slovakia.

Radon in waters

Mine workings, deposits and ore occurrences

Old mine workings outside mining areas (Geofond register), deposits and mining areas, and the metallogenetic map. Gold, silver and other metals near streams can get into sediments and water.

Types of mining objects

• other type of object1×

Nearest old mine workings

Deposits and mining areas

Boreholes and Geofond archive reports

Register of hydrogeological boreholes, other boreholes and geothermal boreholes. Each borehole has a report in the Geofond archive (geological profiles, pumping tests, chemical analyses of the water); the report number is in the table.

96 boreholes in the 3 km zone, of which 36 hydrogeological and 60 other; with an archive report number 95.

Borehole depths

• up to 10 m43×
• 10–30 m38×
• 30–100 m0×
• 100–300 m0×
• over 300 m0×

Nearest boreholes

Geothermal energy and mineral waters

Geothermal boreholes (wellhead water temperature, yield, chemical type) and sources of geothermal and mineral waters within 10 km. Data on the use and existence of a borehole come from the Geofond register.

Sources of geothermal and mineral waters

Environmental burdens, landfills and anthropogenic sediments

Recorded environmental burdens (industrial sites, landfills, mining), the register of waste landfills and monitoring of anthropogenic sediments (industrial sludge). It is a list of places, not a measurement of water pollution.

Environmental burdens

Waste landfills

Landslides and slope deformations

Register of documented slope deformations (Geofond). Landslides by a stream can bring fine material into the water, change the bed and dam the channel.

Types of deformations

• Landslides49×
• Slope flows5×

Degree of activity

• Potenciálny41×
• Aktívny7×
• Stabilizovaný6×

Current state

• Processed only in the scope of registration on a scale of 1:25,00032×
• SD prebraná z archívnych materiálov (existuje inž. geologick11×
• SD taken from archival materials, ktorá bola konfrontova1×