VN Nitrianske Rudno

Geological structure beneath the water

Which rock lies beneath the water line (Geological Map of Slovakia 1:50,000), how old it is, how thick the Quaternary cover is and in which tectonic unit the water flows. The bedrock decides the hardness of the water, the bottom, the turbidity after rain and the abundance of springs.

The points follow the water line (for a stream and a basin, fishing district after fishing district). The strip is a cross-section by distance, not a map; the width of a section corresponds to the number of points.

• River alluvium100%SR 72 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

River alluvium: Gravelly and sandy bottom and floodplains; the water is replenished from groundwater in the alluvium.

Geological age of the rocks

• Quaternary100%

Most common rock units

Quaternary cover

• fluvial sediments of floodplains100%SR 68 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

• Typical thickness of the Quaternary cover3.5m

• 2 – 5100%SR 48 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Neotectonic units

• positive unit (mountain range)100%SR 60 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Direction of neotectonic movements

• large uplift100%SR 26 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Regional geological division

• intramontane basins100%SR 44 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Regional geological division (subunits)

• inner basins100%SR 4.5 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Engineering-geological districts

• region of mountain-stream deposits100%SR 21 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Engineering-geological formations

• formation of Quaternary sediments100%SR 71 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Susceptibility of the area to slope deformations

• Region of stable areas100%SR 95 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

The map covers 2 of 2 points on the water line.

Hydrogeology: aquifers and groundwater

Streams and rivers are fed by groundwater. Hydrogeological maps show in which rocks the water is stored, how permeable they are and what the water in them is like. The data come from ŠGÚDŠ maps, not from measurements at a particular water.

Aquifer rocks (hydrogeological map 1:200,000)

• Gravel100%SR 52 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Aquifer type

• Menšie zvodnence s medzizrnovým alebo puklinovým typom priepustnosti alebo oblasti s takmer žiadnymi množstvami podzemnej vody (Gravel)100%SR 22 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Type of permeability (basic hydrogeological map 1:50,000)

• intergranular100%SR 86 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Hydrogeological function

• aquifer100%SR 95 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Geothermal groundwater bodies

• Upper Nitra Basin100%SR 3.4 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Surface water chemistry according to the atlas

Modelled composition of the water in the area the fishing district line runs through. The rasters of the Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (surface waters) are an interpolation of measurements in sampled streams, so they show the typical background of the area, not a measurement in a particular stream.

Ionic composition of the water

Water type by dominant ions: Ca–Mg–HCO₃

Shares are in equivalents, the usual way of comparing the composition of waters.

Major ions

• MagnesiumMg13.3 mg/lpercentile 43
• BicarbonatesHCO3191 mg/lpercentile 42
• FluoridesF0.0992 mg/lpercentile 41
• CalciumCa54.1 mg/lpercentile 39
• SulphatesSO429.4 mg/lpercentile 33
• PotassiumK1.76 mg/lpercentile 26
• ChloridesCl3.82 mg/lpercentile 26
• SodiumNa3.62 mg/lpercentile 17

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Nutrients and organic pollution

• NitratesNO37.57 mg/lpercentile 60
• AmmoniumNH40.0630 mg/lpercentile 32
• PhosphatesPO40.0487 mg/lpercentile 27
• Chemical oxygen demandChSK1.90 mg/lpercentile 17

Metals

• AluminiumAl211 μg/lpercentile 81
• ZincZn4.22 μg/lpercentile 31
• ManganeseMn9.39 μg/lpercentile 19
• IronFe0.0405 mg/lpercentile 16

Elements in river sediments

The Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (river sediments) describes what the river carries in the fine material on its bed. Sediment collects metals from rocks, ore occurrences and past mining and industry. It is not a legal limit or a health risk assessment: it shows how an element on this stream ranks among streams in Slovakia.

Potentially toxic and trace elements

• LeadPb26.5 mg/kgpercentile 83
• ArsenicAs13.2 mg/kgpercentile 83
• MercuryHg0.200 mg/kgpercentile 74
• TinSn3.01 mg/kgpercentile 63
• ZincZn108 mg/kgpercentile 60
• CopperCu23.3 mg/kgpercentile 49
• SeleniumSe0.239 mg/kgpercentile 48
• CadmiumCd0.153 mg/kgpercentile 42
• CobaltCo7.57 mg/kgpercentile 35
• MolybdenumMo0.299 mg/kgpercentile 33
• NickelNi19.8 mg/kgpercentile 28
• AntimonySb0.415 mg/kgpercentile 26
• VanadiumV52.5 mg/kgpercentile 13
• BismuthBi0.122 mg/kgpercentile 13
• ChromiumCr38.1 mg/kgpercentile 6

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Natural radioactivity and radon

Airborne gamma-ray spectrometry by ŠGÚDŠ measures radiation from potassium, uranium and thorium in rocks and soil. Granites and some acidic volcanic rocks have the highest values, limestones and floodplains the lowest. Caesium-137 is a remnant of fallout from the Chernobyl accident and nuclear weapons tests.

• Equivalent uranium (eU)eU3.78 ppm95th percentile
• Equivalent thorium (eTh)eTh10.1 ppm95th percentile
• Potassium (K)K1.62 %percentile 90

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

• Areal activity of 137CsCS137863 Bq/m²percentile 12

Radon risk by isopleths

• medium100%SR 64 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Geophysical fields: magnetics and gravity

Maps of the magnetic field and gravity (ŠGÚDŠ) reveal what lies beneath the sediments and the surface: volcanic bodies, faults and crustal thickness. For an angler they are interesting indirectly: they show where the bedrock changes, and with it the water.

Geothermal potential

The Atlas of Geothermal Energy of Slovakia records rock temperature and heat flow from the Earth's interior. It is the potential of the area, not the actual warmth of the water in the stream. Specific geothermal boreholes and springs near this water are in the geothermal energy section below.

• Surface heat flow density65mW/m²

Geothermal groundwater bodies beneath the water line

• Upper Nitra Basin100%SR 3.4 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Relief, climate and soils

A basin is not just water: slope and elevation determine the speed of runoff, climate the temperature and amount of water, and soils what is washed into the stream. The data come from the geomorphological division, climatic-geographical types and soil maps of ŠGÚDŠ.

• Elevation of geomorphological units (from–to)230–513m a.s.l.
• Average elevation of the units334m a.s.l.
• Average slope6.7°

Geomorphological units

• Upper Nitra Basin100%SR 1.4 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Geomorphological regions

• Fatra–Tatra area100%SR 21 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Susceptibility of soils to acidification

• soils susceptible to acidification100%SR 31 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Soil contamination (map 1:500,000)

• relatively clean soil100%SR 53 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Lithogeochemical types

• Inner Carpathian Paleogene100%SR 11 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Map of the corridor

Where the nearest mine workings, deposits, burdens, geothermal boreholes and gold finds are. Groups can be switched off.

Trace elements in surface waters

Arsenic, antimony, cadmium, lead, copper, zinc and other elements in samples from rivers and streams (Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia, surface waters, 2015). The bar shows where the highest value lies among all samples in Slovakia; the light marker is the median of the samples at this water.

• CadmiumCdslightly elevated
  highest 0.250 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l3 samples33 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Nitrica, 80 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 75 of all samples in Slovakia.

• BariumBatypical value
  highest 48.0 μg/lmedian 40.0 μg/l3 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Nitrica2009, 10 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 58 of all samples in Slovakia.

• StrontiumSrtypical value
  highest 170 μg/lmedian 165 μg/l2 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Nitrica1992, 350 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 50 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAstypical value
  highest 1.00 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l3 samples67 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Nitrica2009, 10 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 50 of all samples in Slovakia.

• SeleniumSebelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l3 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Nitrica1992, 80 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 46 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 2.50 μg/lmedian 2.50 μg/l3 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Nitrica1992, 80 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 43 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l3 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Nitrica1992, 80 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 37 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LithiumLibelow half of Slovakia
  highest 5.00 μg/lmedian 5.00 μg/l3 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Nitrica1992, 80 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 34 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 1.00 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l3 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Nitrica1992, 80 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 32 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCubelow half of Slovakia
  highest 1.00 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l3 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Nitrica1992, 80 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 22 of all samples in Slovakia.

Major ions, mineralisation and pH

Basic water chemistry: which rocks the minerals in it come from.

• Silicon dioxideSiO2below half of Slovakia
  highest 9.58 mg/lmedian 8.40 mg/l3 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Nitrica2009, 10 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 44 of all samples in Slovakia.

Gold and ore minerals in river sediments

Regional panning prospecting: the heavy fraction was washed out of river gravel and the mineral grains in it were counted. The map of finds is positive: a sample without gold is not listed in the atlas, so the absence of a find is not proof that there is no gold.

• Ilmenit (FeTiO₃)2 samples, at most 1815 grains
• Magnetite (Fe₃O₄)2 samples, at most 55 grains
• Monazit ((Ce,La,Nd)PO₄)1 sample, at most 315 grains
• Pyrite (FeS₂)1 sample, at most 55 grains
• Scheelit (CaWO₄)1 sample, at most 55 grains

Rock-forming and accessory minerals

• Granáty ((Fe,Mg,Ca,Mn)₃Al₂Si₃O₁₂)2 samples, at most 55 grains
• Tourmalines (complex borosilicate)2 samples, at most 55 grains
• Zirconium (ZrSiO₄)2 samples, at most 315 grains
• Amfiboly (Ca₂(Mg,Fe)₅Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂)1 sample, at most 55 grains
• Titanit (CaTiSiO₅)1 sample, at most 217 grains
• Epidot (Ca₂(Al,Fe)₃Si₃O₁₂(OH))1 sample, at most 55 grains
• Kyanit (Al₂SiO₅)1 sample, at most 5 grains
• Sillimanit (Al₂SiO₅)1 sample, at most 5 grains

Groundwater: chemistry, water types and radioactivity

Hydrogeochemical objects (analyses of springs and boreholes), the geochemical atlas of groundwater (1996) and radiohydrochemical sampling. Groundwater feeds streams, so its composition also affects the water in the stream.

Metals in groundwater

• CadmiumCdextreme (top 1 %)
  highest 878 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l16 samples88 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 810 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 99 of all samples in Slovakia.

• MercuryHghigh (top 5 %)
  highest 0.400 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l16 samples56 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 2.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 98 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AluminiumAlhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 0.100 mg/lmedian 0.0200 mg/l16 samples44 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 1.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 96 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAshigh (top 5 %)
  highest 4.30 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l16 samples63 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 2.8 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 95 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 3.20 μg/lmedian 0.425 μg/l16 samples50 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1993, 1.8 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 93 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ZincZnelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 676 μg/lmedian 21.0 μg/l16 samples6 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1992, 730 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 92 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LithiumLielevated (top 10 %)
  highest 36.0 μg/lmedian 7.50 μg/l16 samples25 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1992, 280 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 91 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 0.400 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l16 samples94 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1992, 730 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 90 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbslightly elevated
  highest 1.00 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l16 samples81 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1993, 1.8 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 75 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCutypical value
  highest 1.70 μg/lmedian 0.425 μg/l16 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1992, 1.5 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 70 of all samples in Slovakia.

• IronFetypical value
  highest 0.00500 mg/lmedian 0.00500 mg/l9 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 2.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 50 of all samples in Slovakia.

• SeleniumSebelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l16 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1992, 2.1 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 39 of all samples in Slovakia.

Radon in waters

Mine workings, deposits and ore occurrences

Old mine workings outside mining areas (Geofond register), deposits and mining areas, and the metallogenetic map. Gold, silver and other metals near streams can get into sediments and water.

Deposits and mining areas

Boreholes and Geofond archive reports

Register of hydrogeological boreholes, other boreholes and geothermal boreholes. Each borehole has a report in the Geofond archive (geological profiles, pumping tests, chemical analyses of the water); the report number is in the table.

37 boreholes in the 3 km zone, of which 17 hydrogeological and 20 other; with an archive report number 37.

Borehole depths

• up to 10 m16×
• 10–30 m4×
• 30–100 m16×
• 100–300 m0×
• over 300 m1×

Nearest boreholes

Geothermal energy and mineral waters

Geothermal boreholes (wellhead water temperature, yield, chemical type) and sources of geothermal and mineral waters within 10 km. Data on the use and existence of a borehole come from the Geofond register.

Sources of geothermal and mineral waters

Environmental burdens, landfills and anthropogenic sediments

Recorded environmental burdens (industrial sites, landfills, mining), the register of waste landfills and monitoring of anthropogenic sediments (industrial sludge). It is a list of places, not a measurement of water pollution.

Waste landfills

Landslides and slope deformations

Register of documented slope deformations (Geofond). Landslides by a stream can bring fine material into the water, change the bed and dam the channel.

Types of deformations

• Landslides25×
• Rockfalls2×

Degree of activity

• Potenciálny21×
• Stabilizovaný6×

Current state

• SD taken from archival materials, ktorá bola konfrontova14×
• SD prebraná z archívnych materiálov (existuje inž. geologick10×
• SD zaregistrovaná v rámci terénneho výskumu na úlohe Atlas S2×
• Processed only in the scope of registration on a scale of 1:25,0001×