Jovsanský potok

Geological structure beneath the water

Which rock lies beneath the water line (Geological Map of Slovakia 1:50,000), how old it is, how thick the Quaternary cover is and in which tectonic unit the water flows. The bedrock decides the hardness of the water, the bottom, the turbidity after rain and the abundance of springs.

The points follow the water line (for a stream and a basin, fishing district after fishing district). The strip is a cross-section by distance, not a map; the width of a section corresponds to the number of points.

• Young sediments67%SR 8.6 %
• River alluvium33%SR 72 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Young sediments: Young unconsolidated sediments; fine material easily washes into the stream during rain.

Geological age of the rocks

• Quaternary100%

Most common rock units

Quaternary cover

• proluvial sediments of terraced alluvial cones50%SR 2.5 %
• deluvial sediments50%SR 16 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Tectonic division

• NEOALPÍNSKE TEKTONICKÉ ŠTRUKTÚRY ZÁPADNÝCH KARPÁT100%SR 84 %

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Regional geological division

• neovolcanic rocks100%SR 10 %

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Regional geological division (subunits)

• neovolcanic rocks of Vihorlatské vrchy100%SR 0.0 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Susceptibility of the area to slope deformations

• Region of stable areas100%SR 95 %

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The map covers 3 of 3 points on the water line.

Hydrogeology: aquifers and groundwater

Streams and rivers are fed by groundwater. Hydrogeological maps show in which rocks the water is stored, how permeable they are and what the water in them is like. The data come from ŠGÚDŠ maps, not from measurements at a particular water.

Aquifer rocks (hydrogeological map 1:200,000)

• Acid volcanic rocks67%SR 3.2 %
• Basic volcanic rocks33%SR 6.6 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Aquifer type

• Menšie zvodnence s medzizrnovým alebo puklinovým typom priepustnosti alebo oblasti s takmer žiadnymi množstvami podzemnej vody67%SR 3.2 %
• Menšie zvodnence s medzizrnovým alebo puklinovým typom priepustnosti alebo oblasti s takmer žiadnymi množstvami podzemnej vody33%SR 6.4 %

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Main hydrogeological region

• neovolcanic rocks of Vihorlatské vrchy100%SR 0.0 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Genetic type of groundwater

• silicate67%SR 2.9 %
• silicate-carbonate-potamogenic33%SR 1.4 %

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Chemical type of groundwater

• Ca-Mg-HCO367%SR 26 %
• Ca-(+/-Mg)-HCO333%SR 1.1 %

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Groundwater quality class

• B100%SR 18 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Geothermal groundwater bodies

• Humenné Ridge100%SR 4.4 %

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Surface water chemistry according to the atlas

Modelled composition of the water in the area the fishing district line runs through. The rasters of the Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (surface waters) are an interpolation of measurements in sampled streams, so they show the typical background of the area, not a measurement in a particular stream.

Ionic composition of the water

Water type by dominant ions: Ca–HCO₃–SO₄

Shares are in equivalents, the usual way of comparing the composition of waters.

Major ions

• PotassiumK1.17 mg/lpercentile 14
• SodiumNa2.84 mg/lpercentile 11
• FluoridesF0.0522 mg/lpercentile 8
• BicarbonatesHCO334.5 mg/lpercentile 4
• CalciumCa11.3 mg/lpercentile 4
• SulphatesSO411.5 mg/lpercentile 4
• MagnesiumMg2.47 mg/lpercentile 3
• ChloridesCl0.918 mg/lpercentile 2

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Nutrients and organic pollution

• NitratesNO38.15 mg/lpercentile 64
• Chemical oxygen demandChSK2.27 mg/lpercentile 27
• AmmoniumNH40.0432 mg/lpercentile 22
• PhosphatesPO40.0246 mg/lpercentile 13

Metals

• ZincZn9.25 μg/lpercentile 62
• AluminiumAl84.2 μg/lpercentile 56
• IronFe0.0775 mg/lpercentile 38
• ManganeseMn7.94 μg/lpercentile 16

Elements in river sediments

The Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (river sediments) describes what the river carries in the fine material on its bed. Sediment collects metals from rocks, ore occurrences and past mining and industry. It is not a legal limit or a health risk assessment: it shows how an element on this stream ranks among streams in Slovakia.

Potentially toxic and trace elements

• CadmiumCd0.882 mg/kgpercentile 92
• CobaltCo13.2 mg/kgpercentile 91
• VanadiumV101 mg/kgpercentile 89
• LeadPb19.9 mg/kgpercentile 70
• AntimonySb0.876 mg/kgpercentile 66
• ChromiumCr74.1 mg/kgpercentile 53
• TinSn2.50 mg/kgpercentile 43
• SeleniumSe0.208 mg/kgpercentile 40
• BismuthBi0.187 mg/kgpercentile 37
• ZincZn80.5 mg/kgpercentile 32
• MercuryHg0.0685 mg/kgpercentile 28
• MolybdenumMo0.251 mg/kgpercentile 24
• NickelNi13.5 mg/kgpercentile 9
• CopperCu14.1 mg/kgpercentile 8
• ArsenicAs3.58 mg/kgpercentile 8

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Natural radioactivity and radon

Airborne gamma-ray spectrometry by ŠGÚDŠ measures radiation from potassium, uranium and thorium in rocks and soil. Granites and some acidic volcanic rocks have the highest values, limestones and floodplains the lowest. Caesium-137 is a remnant of fallout from the Chernobyl accident and nuclear weapons tests.

• Potassium (K)K1.15 %percentile 16
• Equivalent thorium (eTh)eTh6.27 ppm14th percentile
• Equivalent uranium (eU)eU1.86 ppm5th percentile

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

• Areal activity of 137CsCS137966 Bq/m²percentile 16

Radon risk by isopleths

• medium67%SR 64 %
• low33%SR 36 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Geophysical fields: magnetics and gravity

Maps of the magnetic field and gravity (ŠGÚDŠ) reveal what lies beneath the sediments and the surface: volcanic bodies, faults and crustal thickness. For an angler they are interesting indirectly: they show where the bedrock changes, and with it the water.

Geothermal potential

The Atlas of Geothermal Energy of Slovakia records rock temperature and heat flow from the Earth's interior. It is the potential of the area, not the actual warmth of the water in the stream. Specific geothermal boreholes and springs near this water are in the geothermal energy section below.

• Rock temperature at 1,000 m depth45°C

Geothermal groundwater bodies beneath the water line

• Humenné Ridge100%SR 4.4 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Relief, climate and soils

A basin is not just water: slope and elevation determine the speed of runoff, climate the temperature and amount of water, and soils what is washed into the stream. The data come from the geomorphological division, climatic-geographical types and soil maps of ŠGÚDŠ.

• Elevation of geomorphological units (from–to)239–1 072m a.s.l.
• Average elevation of the units661m a.s.l.
• Average slope14.3°
• Average January temperature-5.0°C
• Average July temperature16.5°C
• Annual precipitation850mm

Geomorphological units

• Vihorlat Mountains100%SR 0.0 %

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Geomorphological regions

• Vihorlat–Gutin area100%SR 0.5 %

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Climatic-geographical types

• mountain climate100%SR 33 %

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Susceptibility of soils to acidification

• soils moderately susceptible to acidification100%SR 25 %

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Soil contamination (map 1:500,000)

• relatively clean soil67%SR 53 %
• uncontaminated soil, the geogenically determined content of some risk elements reaches limit values A33%SR 45 %

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Lithogeochemical types

• Neogene volcanics100%SR 11 %

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Map of the corridor

Where the nearest mine workings, deposits, burdens, geothermal boreholes and gold finds are. Groups can be switched off.

Trace elements in surface waters

Arsenic, antimony, cadmium, lead, copper, zinc and other elements in samples from rivers and streams (Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia, surface waters, 2015). The bar shows where the highest value lies among all samples in Slovakia; the light marker is the median of the samples at this water.

• SeleniumSeelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 0.570 μg/lmedian 0.535 μg/l2 samples50 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Jovsiansky, potok1998, 110 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 92 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CadmiumCdelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 0.300 μg/lmedian 0.225 μg/l2 samples50 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Jovsiansky, potok, 110 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 90 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbslightly elevated
  highest 0.940 μg/lmedian 0.720 μg/l2 samples50 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Jovsiansky, potok1998, 110 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 81 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrslightly elevated
  highest 2.30 μg/lmedian 1.85 μg/l2 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Jovsiansky, potok1998, 110 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 77 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 2.50 μg/lmedian 2.50 μg/l2 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Jovsiansky, potok1998, 110 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 43 of all samples in Slovakia.

• StrontiumSrbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 125 μg/lmedian 112 μg/l2 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Jovsiansky, potok1998, 110 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 36 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LithiumLibelow half of Slovakia
  highest 5.00 μg/lmedian 5.00 μg/l2 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Jovsiansky, potok1998, 110 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 34 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCubelow half of Slovakia
  highest 1.00 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l2 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Jovsiansky, potok1998, 110 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 22 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAsbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l2 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Jovsiansky, potok1998, 110 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 22 of all samples in Slovakia.

Major ions, mineralisation and pH

Basic water chemistry: which rocks the minerals in it come from.

• Silicon dioxideSiO2slightly elevated
  highest 30.8 mg/lmedian 30.4 mg/l2 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Jovsiansky, potok1998, 110 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 89 of all samples in Slovakia.

Gold and ore minerals in river sediments

Regional panning prospecting: the heavy fraction was washed out of river gravel and the mineral grains in it were counted. The map of finds is positive: a sample without gold is not listed in the atlas, so the absence of a find is not proof that there is no gold.

• Ilmenit (FeTiO₃)3 samples, at most 4115 grains
• Limonite (FeO(OH)·nH₂O)3 samples, at most 55 grains
• Magnetite (Fe₃O₄)3 samples, at most 5 grains
• Rutil (TiO₂)2 samples, at most 5 grains
• Cinabarit (HgS)1 sample, at most 1 grains

Rock-forming and accessory minerals

• Pyroxény ((Mg,Fe,Ca)₂Si₂O₆)3 samples, at most 4115 grains
• Zirconium (ZrSiO₄)3 samples, at most 5 grains
• Granáty ((Fe,Mg,Ca,Mn)₃Al₂Si₃O₁₂)2 samples, at most 15 grains
• Amfiboly (Ca₂(Mg,Fe)₅Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂)1 sample, at most 5 grains
• Epidot (Ca₂(Al,Fe)₃Si₃O₁₂(OH))1 sample, at most 5 grains
• Korund (Al₂O₃)1 sample, at most 5 grains

Groundwater: chemistry, water types and radioactivity

Hydrogeochemical objects (analyses of springs and boreholes), the geochemical atlas of groundwater (1996) and radiohydrochemical sampling. Groundwater feeds streams, so its composition also affects the water in the stream.

Chemical water types nearby

• Ca-Mg-HCO313×
• Ca-Mg-HCO3-SO45×
• Ca-HCO3-SO45×
• Ca-HCO34×
• Ca-SO4-HCO33×
• Ca-Mg-HCO3-NO32×
• Ca-Na-HCO3-SO41×
• Ca-HCO3-NO31×

Water quality class according to the hydrogeochemical map

• class B31×
• class D3×
• class H2×

Metals in groundwater

• ZincZnextreme (top 1 %)
  highest 7,500 μg/lmedian 38.0 μg/l22 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 99 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbextreme (top 1 %)
  highest 9.00 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l22 samples18 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1993, 2.2 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 99 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AluminiumAlhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 0.160 mg/lmedian 0.0100 mg/l22 samples14 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1993, 90 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 97 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CadmiumCdhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 1.10 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l22 samples59 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 97 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCuelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 5.40 μg/lmedian 1.10 μg/l22 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 94 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 2.10 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l22 samples59 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1993, 2.2 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 90 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAsslightly elevated
  highest 2.10 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l22 samples91 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1993, 2.4 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 89 of all samples in Slovakia.

• IronFetypical value
  highest 0.00500 mg/lmedian 0.00500 mg/l10 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 50 of all samples in Slovakia.

• MercuryHgbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.100 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l22 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 46 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.100 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l22 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 40 of all samples in Slovakia.

• SeleniumSebelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l22 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 39 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LithiumLibelow half of Slovakia
  highest 4.00 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l22 samples77 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1993, 2.4 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 35 of all samples in Slovakia.

Radon in waters

Mine workings, deposits and ore occurrences

Old mine workings outside mining areas (Geofond register), deposits and mining areas, and the metallogenetic map. Gold, silver and other metals near streams can get into sediments and water.

Deposits and mining areas

Ore occurrences in the metallogenic map

Boreholes and Geofond archive reports

Register of hydrogeological boreholes, other boreholes and geothermal boreholes. Each borehole has a report in the Geofond archive (geological profiles, pumping tests, chemical analyses of the water); the report number is in the table.

27 boreholes in the 3 km zone, of which 5 hydrogeological and 22 other; with an archive report number 26.

Borehole depths

• up to 10 m0×
• 10–30 m7×
• 30–100 m15×
• 100–300 m5×
• over 300 m0×

Nearest boreholes

Geothermal energy and mineral waters

Geothermal boreholes (wellhead water temperature, yield, chemical type) and sources of geothermal and mineral waters within 10 km. Data on the use and existence of a borehole come from the Geofond register.

Sources of geothermal and mineral waters

Environmental burdens, landfills and anthropogenic sediments

Recorded environmental burdens (industrial sites, landfills, mining), the register of waste landfills and monitoring of anthropogenic sediments (industrial sludge). It is a list of places, not a measurement of water pollution.

Waste landfills

Landslides and slope deformations

Register of documented slope deformations (Geofond). Landslides by a stream can bring fine material into the water, change the bed and dam the channel.

Types of deformations

• Landslides16×
• Block fields2×
• Rockfalls1×

Degree of activity

• Potenciálny16×
• Stabilizovaný3×

Current state

• SD taken from archival materials, ktorá bola konfrontova12×
• SD zaregistrovaná v rámci terénneho výskumu na úlohe Atlas S7×