VN Vyšná Rybnica

Geological structure beneath the water

Which rock lies beneath the water line (Geological Map of Slovakia 1:50,000), how old it is, how thick the Quaternary cover is and in which tectonic unit the water flows. The bedrock decides the hardness of the water, the bottom, the turbidity after rain and the abundance of springs.

The points follow the water line (for a stream and a basin, fishing district after fishing district). The strip is a cross-section by distance, not a map; the width of a section corresponds to the number of points.

• River alluvium100%SR 72 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

River alluvium: Gravelly and sandy bottom and floodplains; the water is replenished from groundwater in the alluvium.

Geological age of the rocks

• Quaternary100%

Most common rock units

Quaternary cover

• Typical thickness of the Quaternary cover7.5m

• 5 – 10100%SR 20 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Tectonic division

• NEOALPÍNSKE TEKTONICKÉ ŠTRUKTÚRY ZÁPADNÝCH KARPÁT100%SR 84 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Regional geological division

• intramontane basins100%SR 44 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Regional geological division (subunits)

• East Slovak Basin100%SR 7.6 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Susceptibility of the area to slope deformations

• Region of stable areas100%SR 95 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

The map covers 1 of 1 points on the water line.

Hydrogeology: aquifers and groundwater

Streams and rivers are fed by groundwater. Hydrogeological maps show in which rocks the water is stored, how permeable they are and what the water in them is like. The data come from ŠGÚDŠ maps, not from measurements at a particular water.

Aquifer rocks (hydrogeological map 1:200,000)

• Basic volcanic rocks100%SR 6.6 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Aquifer type

• Menšie zvodnence s medzizrnovým alebo puklinovým typom priepustnosti alebo oblasti s takmer žiadnymi množstvami podzemnej vody100%SR 6.4 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Type of permeability (basic hydrogeological map 1:50,000)

• intergranular100%SR 86 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Hydrogeological function

• aquifer100%SR 95 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Main hydrogeological region

• neovolcanic rocks of Vihorlatské vrchy100%SR 0.0 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Groundwater quality class

• B100%SR 18 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Geothermal groundwater bodies

• Humenné Ridge100%SR 4.4 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Surface water chemistry according to the atlas

Modelled composition of the water in the area the fishing district line runs through. The rasters of the Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (surface waters) are an interpolation of measurements in sampled streams, so they show the typical background of the area, not a measurement in a particular stream.

Ionic composition of the water

Water type by dominant ions: Ca–HCO₃–SO₄

Shares are in equivalents, the usual way of comparing the composition of waters.

Major ions

• PotassiumK1.59 mg/lpercentile 22
• SodiumNa3.19 mg/lpercentile 13
• FluoridesF0.0514 mg/lpercentile 6
• SulphatesSO414.4 mg/lpercentile 6
• BicarbonatesHCO342.9 mg/lpercentile 5
• CalciumCa13.0 mg/lpercentile 5
• MagnesiumMg3.19 mg/lpercentile 4
• ChloridesCl1.39 mg/lpercentile 4

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Nutrients and organic pollution

• AmmoniumNH40.0722 mg/lpercentile 36
• PhosphatesPO40.0547 mg/lpercentile 29
• NitratesNO33.94 mg/lpercentile 26
• Chemical oxygen demandChSK1.85 mg/lpercentile 16

Metals

• ZincZn11.4 μg/lpercentile 69
• AluminiumAl132 μg/lpercentile 68
• IronFe0.138 mg/lpercentile 62
• ManganeseMn43.5 μg/lpercentile 59

Elements in river sediments

The Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (river sediments) describes what the river carries in the fine material on its bed. Sediment collects metals from rocks, ore occurrences and past mining and industry. It is not a legal limit or a health risk assessment: it shows how an element on this stream ranks among streams in Slovakia.

Potentially toxic and trace elements

• TinSn3.73 mg/kgpercentile 78
• VanadiumV80.3 mg/kgpercentile 73
• CobaltCo10.1 mg/kgpercentile 72
• BismuthBi0.290 mg/kgpercentile 71
• LeadPb19.8 mg/kgpercentile 69
• AntimonySb0.853 mg/kgpercentile 65
• ChromiumCr76.3 mg/kgpercentile 56
• ZincZn102 mg/kgpercentile 56
• CadmiumCd0.196 mg/kgpercentile 52
• MolybdenumMo0.339 mg/kgpercentile 42
• ArsenicAs5.46 mg/kgpercentile 33
• CopperCu18.9 mg/kgpercentile 28
• MercuryHg0.0672 mg/kgpercentile 27
• SeleniumSe0.128 mg/kgpercentile 18
• NickelNi14.5 mg/kgpercentile 11

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Natural radioactivity and radon

Airborne gamma-ray spectrometry by ŠGÚDŠ measures radiation from potassium, uranium and thorium in rocks and soil. Granites and some acidic volcanic rocks have the highest values, limestones and floodplains the lowest. Caesium-137 is a remnant of fallout from the Chernobyl accident and nuclear weapons tests.

• Equivalent thorium (eTh)eTh7.56 ppm57th percentile
• Equivalent uranium (eU)eU2.28 ppm19th percentile
• Potassium (K)K1.16 %percentile 17

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

• Areal activity of 137CsCS137920 Bq/m²percentile 14

Radon risk by isopleths

• low100%SR 36 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Geophysical fields: magnetics and gravity

Maps of the magnetic field and gravity (ŠGÚDŠ) reveal what lies beneath the sediments and the surface: volcanic bodies, faults and crustal thickness. For an angler they are interesting indirectly: they show where the bedrock changes, and with it the water.

Geothermal potential

The Atlas of Geothermal Energy of Slovakia records rock temperature and heat flow from the Earth's interior. It is the potential of the area, not the actual warmth of the water in the stream. Specific geothermal boreholes and springs near this water are in the geothermal energy section below.

• Rock temperature at 1,000 m depth45°C

Geothermal groundwater bodies beneath the water line

• Humenné Ridge100%SR 4.4 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Relief, climate and soils

A basin is not just water: slope and elevation determine the speed of runoff, climate the temperature and amount of water, and soils what is washed into the stream. The data come from the geomorphological division, climatic-geographical types and soil maps of ŠGÚDŠ.

• Elevation of geomorphological units (from–to)111–321m a.s.l.
• Average elevation of the units179m a.s.l.
• Average slope3.1°
• Average January temperature-2.8°C
• Average July temperature19.0°C
• Annual precipitation675mm

Geomorphological units

• East Slovak Hills100%SR 1.1 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Geomorphological regions

• East Slovak Lowland100%SR 4.9 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Climatic-geographical types

• lowland climate100%SR 38 %

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Soil contamination (map 1:500,000)

• relatively clean soil100%SR 53 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Lithogeochemical types

• Neogene volcanics100%SR 11 %

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Map of the corridor

Where the nearest mine workings, deposits, burdens, geothermal boreholes and gold finds are. Groups can be switched off.

Trace elements in surface waters

Arsenic, antimony, cadmium, lead, copper, zinc and other elements in samples from rivers and streams (Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia, surface waters, 2015). The bar shows where the highest value lies among all samples in Slovakia; the light marker is the median of the samples at this water.

• CadmiumCdhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 1.30 μg/lmedian 0.700 μg/l3 samples33 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Rybnica, potok, 190 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 97 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCuelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 4.70 μg/lmedian 1.70 μg/l3 samples33 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Rybnica, potok1998, 190 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 90 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbslightly elevated
  highest 0.900 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l3 samples67 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Rybnica, potok1998, 190 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 81 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrtypical value
  highest 1.70 μg/lmedian 1.30 μg/l3 samples33 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Okna, kanál1998, 400 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 72 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAsbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.750 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l3 samples67 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Remetský, potok1998, 780 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 47 of all samples in Slovakia.

• SeleniumSebelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l3 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Okna, kanál1998, 400 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 46 of all samples in Slovakia.

• StrontiumSrbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 151 μg/lmedian 146 μg/l3 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Remetský, potok1998, 780 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 44 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 2.50 μg/lmedian 2.50 μg/l3 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Okna, kanál1998, 400 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 43 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LithiumLibelow half of Slovakia
  highest 5.00 μg/lmedian 5.00 μg/l3 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Okna, kanál1998, 400 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 34 of all samples in Slovakia.

Major ions, mineralisation and pH

Basic water chemistry: which rocks the minerals in it come from.

• Silicon dioxideSiO2extreme (top 1 %)
  highest 53.1 mg/lmedian 26.8 mg/l3 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Remetský, potok1998, 780 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 99 of all samples in Slovakia.

Gold and ore minerals in river sediments

Regional panning prospecting: the heavy fraction was washed out of river gravel and the mineral grains in it were counted. The map of finds is positive: a sample without gold is not listed in the atlas, so the absence of a find is not proof that there is no gold.

• Ilmenit (FeTiO₃)2 samples, at most 815 grains
• Limonite (FeO(OH)·nH₂O)2 samples, at most 55 grains
• Magnetite (Fe₃O₄)2 samples, at most 15 grains

Rock-forming and accessory minerals

• Korund (Al₂O₃)2 samples, at most 5 grains
• Pyroxény ((Mg,Fe,Ca)₂Si₂O₆)2 samples, at most 4115 grains
• Granáty ((Fe,Mg,Ca,Mn)₃Al₂Si₃O₁₂)1 sample, at most 5 grains
• Zirconium (ZrSiO₄)1 sample, at most 5 grains
• Amfiboly (Ca₂(Mg,Fe)₅Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂)1 sample, at most 5 grains

Groundwater: chemistry, water types and radioactivity

Hydrogeochemical objects (analyses of springs and boreholes), the geochemical atlas of groundwater (1996) and radiohydrochemical sampling. Groundwater feeds streams, so its composition also affects the water in the stream.

Chemical water types nearby

• Ca-HCO36×
• Ca-Mg-HCO35×
• Ca-Mg-Na-HCO31×
• Ca-HCO3-SO41×
• Ca-SO4-HCO31×

Water quality class according to the hydrogeochemical map

• class B12×
• class A1×
• class C1×

Metals in groundwater

• AluminiumAlextreme (top 1 %)
  highest 0.760 mg/lmedian 0.0100 mg/l11 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 99 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbextreme (top 1 %)
  highest 8.00 μg/lmedian 3.00 μg/l11 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 690 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 99 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CadmiumCdhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 1.00 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l11 samples36 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 97 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ZincZnhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 1,464 μg/lmedian 124 μg/l11 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.7 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 96 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCuhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 6.80 μg/lmedian 2.60 μg/l11 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 95 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAselevated (top 10 %)
  highest 2.30 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l11 samples91 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 90 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrslightly elevated
  highest 1.70 μg/lmedian 0.700 μg/l11 samples45 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 86 of all samples in Slovakia.

• MercuryHgbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.100 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l11 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 46 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LithiumLibelow half of Slovakia
  highest 5.00 μg/lmedian 2.00 μg/l11 samples45 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 950 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 40 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.100 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l11 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 40 of all samples in Slovakia.

• SeleniumSebelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l11 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 39 of all samples in Slovakia.

Radon in waters

Boreholes and Geofond archive reports

Register of hydrogeological boreholes, other boreholes and geothermal boreholes. Each borehole has a report in the Geofond archive (geological profiles, pumping tests, chemical analyses of the water); the report number is in the table.

29 boreholes in the 3 km zone, of which 8 hydrogeological and 21 other; with an archive report number 29.

Borehole depths

• up to 10 m0×
• 10–30 m8×
• 30–100 m14×
• 100–300 m6×
• over 300 m1×

Nearest boreholes

Geothermal energy and mineral waters

Geothermal boreholes (wellhead water temperature, yield, chemical type) and sources of geothermal and mineral waters within 10 km. Data on the use and existence of a borehole come from the Geofond register.

Sources of geothermal and mineral waters

Environmental burdens, landfills and anthropogenic sediments

Recorded environmental burdens (industrial sites, landfills, mining), the register of waste landfills and monitoring of anthropogenic sediments (industrial sludge). It is a list of places, not a measurement of water pollution.

Waste landfills

Landslides and slope deformations

Register of documented slope deformations (Geofond). Landslides by a stream can bring fine material into the water, change the bed and dam the channel.

Types of deformations

• Landslides4×
• Block fissures2×
• Block fields1×

Degree of activity

• Stabilizovaný5×
• Potenciálny2×

Current state

• SD zaregistrovaná v rámci terénneho výskumu na úlohe Atlas S4×
• SD taken from archival materials, ktorá bola konfrontova3×