VN Levočská Dolina

Geological structure beneath the water

Which rock lies beneath the water line (Geological Map of Slovakia 1:50,000), how old it is, how thick the Quaternary cover is and in which tectonic unit the water flows. The bedrock decides the hardness of the water, the bottom, the turbidity after rain and the abundance of springs.

The points follow the water line (for a stream and a basin, fishing district after fishing district). The strip is a cross-section by distance, not a map; the width of a section corresponds to the number of points.

• Young sediments100%SR 8.6 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Young sediments: Young unconsolidated sediments; fine material easily washes into the stream during rain.

Geological age of the rocks

• Quaternary100%

Most common rock units

Tectonic division

• NEOALPÍNSKE TEKTONICKÉ ŠTRUKTÚRY ZÁPADNÝCH KARPÁT100%SR 84 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Neotectonic units

• positive unit (mountain range)100%SR 60 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Direction of neotectonic movements

• medium uplift100%SR 32 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Regional geological division

• Inner Carpathian Paleogene100%SR 11 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Regional geological division (subunits)

• Spiš–Šariš Paleogene100%SR 5.8 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Susceptibility of the area to slope deformations

• Region of stable areas100%SR 95 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

The map covers 1 of 1 points on the water line.

Hydrogeology: aquifers and groundwater

Streams and rivers are fed by groundwater. Hydrogeological maps show in which rocks the water is stored, how permeable they are and what the water in them is like. The data come from ŠGÚDŠ maps, not from measurements at a particular water.

Aquifer rocks (hydrogeological map 1:200,000)

• Gravel100%SR 52 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Aquifer type

• Menšie zvodnence s medzizrnovým alebo puklinovým typom priepustnosti alebo oblasti s takmer žiadnymi množstvami podzemnej vody (Gravel)100%SR 22 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Type of permeability (basic hydrogeological map 1:50,000)

• fissure100%SR 12 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Hydrogeological function

• aquifer100%SR 95 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Main hydrogeological region

• Paleogene Levočské vrchy100%SR 1.2 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Geothermal groundwater bodies

• Levoča Basin – W and S part100%SR 9.5 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Surface water chemistry according to the atlas

Modelled composition of the water in the area the fishing district line runs through. The rasters of the Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (surface waters) are an interpolation of measurements in sampled streams, so they show the typical background of the area, not a measurement in a particular stream.

Ionic composition of the water

Water type by dominant ions: Ca–Mg–HCO₃

Shares are in equivalents, the usual way of comparing the composition of waters.

Major ions

• SulphatesSO466.0 mg/lpercentile 73
• CalciumCa79.1 mg/lpercentile 68
• BicarbonatesHCO3263 mg/lpercentile 67
• MagnesiumMg19.7 mg/lpercentile 65
• PotassiumK3.15 mg/lpercentile 52
• ChloridesCl8.30 mg/lpercentile 48
• SodiumNa7.91 mg/lpercentile 45
• FluoridesF0.0945 mg/lpercentile 38

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Nutrients and organic pollution

• NitratesNO37.15 mg/lpercentile 57
• Chemical oxygen demandChSK3.35 mg/lpercentile 54
• PhosphatesPO40.0673 mg/lpercentile 34
• AmmoniumNH40.0310 mg/lpercentile 12

Metals

• AluminiumAl509 μg/lpercentile 95
• ManganeseMn14.7 μg/lpercentile 30
• ZincZn3.86 μg/lpercentile 28
• IronFe0.0459 mg/lpercentile 20

Elements in river sediments

The Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (river sediments) describes what the river carries in the fine material on its bed. Sediment collects metals from rocks, ore occurrences and past mining and industry. It is not a legal limit or a health risk assessment: it shows how an element on this stream ranks among streams in Slovakia.

Potentially toxic and trace elements

• MolybdenumMo1.04 mg/kgpercentile 95
• TinSn6.32 mg/kgpercentile 95
• AntimonySb3.27 mg/kgpercentile 87
• CopperCu43.2 mg/kgpercentile 86
• ChromiumCr107 mg/kgpercentile 85
• NickelNi30.6 mg/kgpercentile 72
• MercuryHg0.113 mg/kgpercentile 55
• ZincZn98.2 mg/kgpercentile 52
• SeleniumSe0.213 mg/kgpercentile 42
• CadmiumCd0.102 mg/kgpercentile 26
• LeadPb11.9 mg/kgpercentile 26
• BismuthBi0.132 mg/kgpercentile 16
• VanadiumV53.4 mg/kgpercentile 15
• CobaltCo5.54 mg/kgpercentile 11
• ArsenicAs3.67 mg/kgpercentile 9

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Natural radioactivity and radon

Airborne gamma-ray spectrometry by ŠGÚDŠ measures radiation from potassium, uranium and thorium in rocks and soil. Granites and some acidic volcanic rocks have the highest values, limestones and floodplains the lowest. Caesium-137 is a remnant of fallout from the Chernobyl accident and nuclear weapons tests.

• Potassium (K)K1.31 %percentile 55
• Equivalent uranium (eU)eU2.21 ppm15th percentile
• Equivalent thorium (eTh)eTh6.03 ppm10th percentile

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

• Areal activity of 137CsCS137909 Bq/m²percentile 14

Radon risk by isopleths

• medium100%SR 64 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Geophysical fields: magnetics and gravity

Maps of the magnetic field and gravity (ŠGÚDŠ) reveal what lies beneath the sediments and the surface: volcanic bodies, faults and crustal thickness. For an angler they are interesting indirectly: they show where the bedrock changes, and with it the water.

Geothermal potential

The Atlas of Geothermal Energy of Slovakia records rock temperature and heat flow from the Earth's interior. It is the potential of the area, not the actual warmth of the water in the stream. Specific geothermal boreholes and springs near this water are in the geothermal energy section below.

Geothermal groundwater bodies beneath the water line

• Levoča Basin – W and S part100%SR 9.5 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Relief, climate and soils

A basin is not just water: slope and elevation determine the speed of runoff, climate the temperature and amount of water, and soils what is washed into the stream. The data come from the geomorphological division, climatic-geographical types and soil maps of ŠGÚDŠ.

• Elevation of geomorphological units (from–to)470–987m a.s.l.
• Average elevation of the units736m a.s.l.
• Average slope13.0°
• Average January temperature-5.8°C
• Average July temperature14.8°C
• Annual precipitation950mm

Geomorphological units

• Levoča Hills100%SR 1.1 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Geomorphological regions

• Podhôľne–Magura area100%SR 4.5 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Climatic-geographical types

• mountain climate100%SR 33 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Susceptibility of soils to acidification

• soils moderately susceptible to acidification100%SR 25 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Soil contamination (map 1:500,000)

• uncontaminated soil, the geogenically determined content of some risk elements reaches limit values A100%SR 45 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Lithogeochemical types

• Inner Carpathian Paleogene100%SR 11 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Map of the corridor

Where the nearest mine workings, deposits, burdens, geothermal boreholes and gold finds are. Groups can be switched off.

Trace elements in surface waters

Arsenic, antimony, cadmium, lead, copper, zinc and other elements in samples from rivers and streams (Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia, surface waters, 2015). The bar shows where the highest value lies among all samples in Slovakia; the light marker is the median of the samples at this water.

• ChromiumCrhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 13.1 μg/lmedian 13.1 μg/l1 sample
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Levočský potok1992, 870 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 99 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LithiumLislightly elevated
  highest 11.0 μg/lmedian 11.0 μg/l1 sample
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Levočský potok1992, 870 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 76 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CadmiumCdslightly elevated
  highest 0.250 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l1 sample
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Levočský potok, 870 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 75 of all samples in Slovakia.

• StrontiumSrtypical value
  highest 220 μg/lmedian 220 μg/l1 sample
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Levočský potok1992, 870 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 58 of all samples in Slovakia.

• SeleniumSebelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l1 sample100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Levočský potok1992, 870 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 46 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 2.50 μg/lmedian 2.50 μg/l1 sample100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Levočský potok1992, 870 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 43 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l1 sample100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Levočský potok1992, 870 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 37 of all samples in Slovakia.

• BariumBabelow half of Slovakia
  highest 30.0 μg/lmedian 30.0 μg/l1 sample
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Levočský potok1992, 870 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 37 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCubelow half of Slovakia
  highest 1.00 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l1 sample100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Levočský potok1992, 870 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 22 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAsbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l1 sample100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Levočský potok1992, 870 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 22 of all samples in Slovakia.

Major ions, mineralisation and pH

Basic water chemistry: which rocks the minerals in it come from.

• Silicon dioxideSiO2below half of Slovakia
  highest 8.27 mg/lmedian 8.27 mg/l1 sample
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Levočský potok1992, 870 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 35 of all samples in Slovakia.

Gold and ore minerals in river sediments

Regional panning prospecting: the heavy fraction was washed out of river gravel and the mineral grains in it were counted. The map of finds is positive: a sample without gold is not listed in the atlas, so the absence of a find is not proof that there is no gold.

• Anatas (TiO₂)7 samples, at most 815 grains
• Limonite (FeO(OH)·nH₂O)7 samples, at most 315 grains
• Magnetite (Fe₃O₄)7 samples, at most 315 grains
• Rutil (TiO₂)7 samples, at most 815 grains
• Monazit ((Ce,La,Nd)PO₄)5 samples, at most 5 grains
• Barite (BaSO₄)4 samples, at most 55 grains
• Pyrite (FeS₂)4 samples, at most 55 grains
• Hematite (Fe₂O₃)1 sample, at most 5 grains
• Gold (Au)1 sample, at most 1 grains
• Chalcopyrite (CuFeS₂)1 sample, at most 50 grains
• Ilmenit (FeTiO₃)1 sample, at most 155 grains

Nearest samples with gold

Rock-forming and accessory minerals

• Spinel (Cr-spinel) ((Mg,Fe)(Al,Cr)₂O₄)10 samples, at most 1815 grains
• Granáty ((Fe,Mg,Ca,Mn)₃Al₂Si₃O₁₂)7 samples, at most 4115 grains
• Tourmalines (complex borosilicate)7 samples, at most 55 grains
• Zirconium (ZrSiO₄)7 samples, at most 1815 grains
• Epidot (Ca₂(Al,Fe)₃Si₃O₁₂(OH))3 samples, at most 15 grains
• Staurolit (Fe₂Al₉Si₄O₂₃(OH))2 samples, at most 5 grains
• Apatit (Ca₅(PO₄)₃(F,Cl,OH))1 sample, at most 15 grains
• Pyroxény ((Mg,Fe,Ca)₂Si₂O₆)1 sample, at most 5 grains

Groundwater: chemistry, water types and radioactivity

Hydrogeochemical objects (analyses of springs and boreholes), the geochemical atlas of groundwater (1996) and radiohydrochemical sampling. Groundwater feeds streams, so its composition also affects the water in the stream.

Metals in groundwater

• LithiumLiextreme (top 1 %)
  highest 590 μg/lmedian 21.0 μg/l11 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.8 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 100 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 7.00 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l11 samples36 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.8 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 98 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AluminiumAlhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 0.180 mg/lmedian 0.0100 mg/l11 samples18 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.8 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 98 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CadmiumCdhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 1.20 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l11 samples91 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1992, 1.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 97 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 5.50 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l11 samples55 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1993, 2.0 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 96 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCuhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 8.00 μg/lmedian 2.00 μg/l11 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1993, 540 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 96 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbslightly elevated
  highest 0.300 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l11 samples91 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1992, 1.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 87 of all samples in Slovakia.

• SeleniumSeslightly elevated
  highest 1.20 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l11 samples91 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 2.1 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 85 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ZincZntypical value
  highest 65.0 μg/lmedian 6.00 μg/l11 samples27 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 61 of all samples in Slovakia.

• IronFetypical value
  highest 0.00500 mg/lmedian 0.00500 mg/l6 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 2.1 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 50 of all samples in Slovakia.

• MercuryHgbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.100 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l11 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.8 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 46 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAsbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l11 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.8 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 38 of all samples in Slovakia.

Radon in waters

Boreholes and Geofond archive reports

Register of hydrogeological boreholes, other boreholes and geothermal boreholes. Each borehole has a report in the Geofond archive (geological profiles, pumping tests, chemical analyses of the water); the report number is in the table.

25 boreholes in the 3 km zone, of which 23 hydrogeological and 2 other; with an archive report number 25.

Borehole depths

• up to 10 m5×
• 10–30 m1×
• 30–100 m16×
• 100–300 m3×
• over 300 m0×

Nearest boreholes

Geothermal energy and mineral waters

Geothermal boreholes (wellhead water temperature, yield, chemical type) and sources of geothermal and mineral waters within 10 km. Data on the use and existence of a borehole come from the Geofond register.

Sources of geothermal and mineral waters

Environmental burdens, landfills and anthropogenic sediments

Recorded environmental burdens (industrial sites, landfills, mining), the register of waste landfills and monitoring of anthropogenic sediments (industrial sludge). It is a list of places, not a measurement of water pollution.

Waste landfills

Landslides and slope deformations

Register of documented slope deformations (Geofond). Landslides by a stream can bring fine material into the water, change the bed and dam the channel.

Types of deformations

• Landslides17×

Degree of activity

• Potenciálny12×
• Stabilizovaný5×

Current state

• SD taken from archival materials, ktorá bola konfrontova9×
• SD zaregistrovaná v rámci terénneho výskumu na úlohe Atlas S7×
• Processed only in the scope of registration on a scale of 1:25,0001×