VN Rakovec

Geological structure beneath the water

Which rock lies beneath the water line (Geological Map of Slovakia 1:50,000), how old it is, how thick the Quaternary cover is and in which tectonic unit the water flows. The bedrock decides the hardness of the water, the bottom, the turbidity after rain and the abundance of springs.

Quaternary cover

• deluvial sediments100%SR 16 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Tectonic division

• NEOALPÍNSKE TEKTONICKÉ ŠTRUKTÚRY ZÁPADNÝCH KARPÁT100%SR 84 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Neotectonic units

• positive unit (lowland hills)100%SR 14 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Direction of neotectonic movements

• small uplift100%SR 7.7 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Regional geological division

• intramontane basins100%SR 44 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Regional geological division (subunits)

• East Slovak Basin100%SR 7.6 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

The map covers 0 of 1 points on the water line.

Hydrogeology: aquifers and groundwater

Streams and rivers are fed by groundwater. Hydrogeological maps show in which rocks the water is stored, how permeable they are and what the water in them is like. The data come from ŠGÚDŠ maps, not from measurements at a particular water.

Aquifer rocks (hydrogeological map 1:200,000)

• Sand100%SR 3.9 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Aquifer type

• Menšie zvodnence s medzizrnovým alebo puklinovým typom priepustnosti alebo oblasti s takmer žiadnymi množstvami podzemnej vody (Sand)100%SR 2.4 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Main hydrogeological region

• Neogene of Pozdišovský back and Malčická tabula100%SR 0.0 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Surface water chemistry according to the atlas

Modelled composition of the water in the area the fishing district line runs through. The rasters of the Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (surface waters) are an interpolation of measurements in sampled streams, so they show the typical background of the area, not a measurement in a particular stream.

Ionic composition of the water

Water type by dominant ions: Ca–HCO₃

Shares are in equivalents, the usual way of comparing the composition of waters.

Major ions

• FluoridesF0.320 mg/lpercentile 94
• CalciumCa100 mg/lpercentile 87
• BicarbonatesHCO3353 mg/lpercentile 87
• PotassiumK6.28 mg/lpercentile 82
• SodiumNa16.6 mg/lpercentile 74
• ChloridesCl23.8 mg/lpercentile 74
• MagnesiumMg18.4 mg/lpercentile 61
• SulphatesSO442.4 mg/lpercentile 53

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Nutrients and organic pollution

• AmmoniumNH44.04 mg/lpercentile 95
• NitratesNO311.6 mg/lpercentile 78
• Chemical oxygen demandChSK4.36 mg/lpercentile 73
• PhosphatesPO40.126 mg/lpercentile 48

Metals

• ManganeseMn472 μg/lpercentile 95
• IronFe0.517 mg/lpercentile 93
• AluminiumAl235 μg/lpercentile 83
• ZincZn5.10 μg/lpercentile 38

Elements in river sediments

The Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (river sediments) describes what the river carries in the fine material on its bed. Sediment collects metals from rocks, ore occurrences and past mining and industry. It is not a legal limit or a health risk assessment: it shows how an element on this stream ranks among streams in Slovakia.

Potentially toxic and trace elements

• SeleniumSe0.415 mg/kgpercentile 79
• ChromiumCr93.8 mg/kgpercentile 77
• NickelNi28.5 mg/kgpercentile 66
• MolybdenumMo0.437 mg/kgpercentile 60
• ArsenicAs7.36 mg/kgpercentile 59
• CobaltCo9.00 mg/kgpercentile 59
• AntimonySb0.539 mg/kgpercentile 40
• MercuryHg0.0722 mg/kgpercentile 30
• CadmiumCd0.113 mg/kgpercentile 30
• VanadiumV60.2 mg/kgpercentile 30
• LeadPb12.4 mg/kgpercentile 29
• CopperCu18.8 mg/kgpercentile 27
• ZincZn65.6 mg/kgpercentile 14
• TinSn1.53 mg/kgpercentile 6
• BismuthBi0.0778 mg/kgpercentile 3

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Natural radioactivity and radon

Airborne gamma-ray spectrometry by ŠGÚDŠ measures radiation from potassium, uranium and thorium in rocks and soil. Granites and some acidic volcanic rocks have the highest values, limestones and floodplains the lowest. Caesium-137 is a remnant of fallout from the Chernobyl accident and nuclear weapons tests.

• Equivalent thorium (eTh)eTh8.48 ppm77th percentile
• Equivalent uranium (eU)eU2.78 ppm71th percentile
• Potassium (K)K1.30 %percentile 50

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

• Areal activity of 137CsCS137297 Bq/m²percentile 3

Geophysical fields: magnetics and gravity

Maps of the magnetic field and gravity (ŠGÚDŠ) reveal what lies beneath the sediments and the surface: volcanic bodies, faults and crustal thickness. For an angler they are interesting indirectly: they show where the bedrock changes, and with it the water.

Geothermal potential

The Atlas of Geothermal Energy of Slovakia records rock temperature and heat flow from the Earth's interior. It is the potential of the area, not the actual warmth of the water in the stream. Specific geothermal boreholes and springs near this water are in the geothermal energy section below.

Relief, climate and soils

A basin is not just water: slope and elevation determine the speed of runoff, climate the temperature and amount of water, and soils what is washed into the stream. The data come from the geomorphological division, climatic-geographical types and soil maps of ŠGÚDŠ.

• Elevation of geomorphological units (from–to)105–234m a.s.l.
• Average elevation of the units160m a.s.l.
• Average slope4.2°
• Average January temperature-2.8°C
• Average July temperature19.0°C
• Annual precipitation675mm

Geomorphological units

• East Slovak Hills100%SR 1.1 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Geomorphological regions

• East Slovak Lowland100%SR 4.9 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Climatic-geographical types

• lowland climate100%SR 38 %

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Susceptibility of soils to acidification

• soils susceptible to acidification100%SR 31 %

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Soil contamination (map 1:500,000)

• relatively clean soil100%SR 53 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Lithogeochemical types

• Neogene100%SR 48 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Map of the corridor

Where the nearest mine workings, deposits, burdens, geothermal boreholes and gold finds are. Groups can be switched off.

Trace elements in surface waters

Arsenic, antimony, cadmium, lead, copper, zinc and other elements in samples from rivers and streams (Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia, surface waters, 2015). The bar shows where the highest value lies among all samples in Slovakia; the light marker is the median of the samples at this water.

• LithiumLislightly elevated
  highest 14.0 μg/lmedian 14.0 μg/l1 sample
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Rakovec, potok1999, 810 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 79 of all samples in Slovakia.

• StrontiumSrtypical value
  highest 319 μg/lmedian 319 μg/l1 sample
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Rakovec, potok1999, 810 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 75 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrtypical value
  highest 1.90 μg/lmedian 1.90 μg/l1 sample
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Rakovec, potok1999, 810 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 74 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCutypical value
  highest 1.60 μg/lmedian 1.60 μg/l1 sample
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Rakovec, potok1999, 810 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 57 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAstypical value
  highest 1.26 μg/lmedian 1.26 μg/l1 sample
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Rakovec, potok1999, 810 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 57 of all samples in Slovakia.

• SeleniumSebelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l1 sample100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Rakovec, potok1999, 810 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 46 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 2.50 μg/lmedian 2.50 μg/l1 sample100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Rakovec, potok1999, 810 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 43 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l1 sample100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Rakovec, potok1999, 810 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 37 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CadmiumCdbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.150 μg/lmedian 0.150 μg/l1 sample100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Rakovec, potok, 810 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 26 of all samples in Slovakia.

Major ions, mineralisation and pH

Basic water chemistry: which rocks the minerals in it come from.

• Silicon dioxideSiO2typical value
  highest 17.0 mg/lmedian 17.0 mg/l1 sample
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Rakovec, potok1999, 810 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 71 of all samples in Slovakia.

Gold and ore minerals in river sediments

Regional panning prospecting: the heavy fraction was washed out of river gravel and the mineral grains in it were counted. The map of finds is positive: a sample without gold is not listed in the atlas, so the absence of a find is not proof that there is no gold.

• Ilmenit (FeTiO₃)5 samples, at most 815 grains
• Limonite (FeO(OH)·nH₂O)5 samples, at most 5 grains
• Magnetite (Fe₃O₄)5 samples, at most 5 grains
• Rutil (TiO₂)5 samples, at most 55 grains
• Monazit ((Ce,La,Nd)PO₄)2 samples, at most 5 grains
• Anatas (TiO₂)2 samples, at most 5 grains

Rock-forming and accessory minerals

• Granáty ((Fe,Mg,Ca,Mn)₃Al₂Si₃O₁₂)5 samples, at most 155 grains
• Pyroxény ((Mg,Fe,Ca)₂Si₂O₆)5 samples, at most 55 grains
• Staurolit (Fe₂Al₉Si₄O₂₃(OH))5 samples, at most 15 grains
• Tourmalines (complex borosilicate)5 samples, at most 5 grains
• Zirconium (ZrSiO₄)5 samples, at most 5 grains
• Amfiboly (Ca₂(Mg,Fe)₅Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂)4 samples, at most 5 grains
• Epidot (Ca₂(Al,Fe)₃Si₃O₁₂(OH))4 samples, at most 5 grains
• Korund (Al₂O₃)1 sample, at most 5 grains

Groundwater: chemistry, water types and radioactivity

Hydrogeochemical objects (analyses of springs and boreholes), the geochemical atlas of groundwater (1996) and radiohydrochemical sampling. Groundwater feeds streams, so its composition also affects the water in the stream.

Metals in groundwater

• SeleniumSeextreme (top 1 %)
  highest 6.50 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l8 samples75 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 1.0 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 99 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCuhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 9.30 μg/lmedian 0.525 μg/l8 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 1.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 97 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 4.00 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l8 samples38 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1993, 1.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 96 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ZincZnhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 1,216 μg/lmedian 189 μg/l8 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1993, 960 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 95 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAsslightly elevated
  highest 2.10 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l8 samples75 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1993, 2.5 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 89 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrslightly elevated
  highest 1.80 μg/lmedian 0.600 μg/l8 samples38 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1993, 550 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 88 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LithiumLislightly elevated
  highest 28.0 μg/lmedian 17.0 μg/l8 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 1.0 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 86 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AluminiumAlslightly elevated
  highest 0.0100 mg/lmedian 0.00500 mg/l8 samples88 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1993, 1.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 75 of all samples in Slovakia.

• IronFetypical value
  highest 0.00500 mg/lmedian 0.00500 mg/l4 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1993, 2.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 50 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CadmiumCdbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.250 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l8 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1993, 2.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 47 of all samples in Slovakia.

• MercuryHgbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.100 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l8 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1993, 2.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 46 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.100 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l8 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1993, 2.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 40 of all samples in Slovakia.

Radon in waters

Mine workings, deposits and ore occurrences

Old mine workings outside mining areas (Geofond register), deposits and mining areas, and the metallogenetic map. Gold, silver and other metals near streams can get into sediments and water.

Deposits and mining areas

Boreholes and Geofond archive reports

Register of hydrogeological boreholes, other boreholes and geothermal boreholes. Each borehole has a report in the Geofond archive (geological profiles, pumping tests, chemical analyses of the water); the report number is in the table.

126 boreholes in the 3 km zone, of which 11 hydrogeological and 115 other; with an archive report number 50.

Borehole depths

• up to 10 m33×
• 10–30 m7×
• 30–100 m7×
• 100–300 m43×
• over 300 m32×

Nearest boreholes

Geothermal energy and mineral waters

Geothermal boreholes (wellhead water temperature, yield, chemical type) and sources of geothermal and mineral waters within 10 km. Data on the use and existence of a borehole come from the Geofond register.

Sources of geothermal and mineral waters

Environmental burdens, landfills and anthropogenic sediments

Recorded environmental burdens (industrial sites, landfills, mining), the register of waste landfills and monitoring of anthropogenic sediments (industrial sludge). It is a list of places, not a measurement of water pollution.

Waste landfills

Landslides and slope deformations

Register of documented slope deformations (Geofond). Landslides by a stream can bring fine material into the water, change the bed and dam the channel.

Types of deformations

• Landslides21×

Degree of activity

• Potenciálny14×
• Stabilizovaný6×
• Aktívny1×

Current state

• SD taken from archival materials, ktorá bola konfrontova9×
• Insufficiently documented8×
• SD zaregistrovaná v rámci terénneho výskumu na úlohe Atlas S2×