VVN Domaša

Geological structure beneath the water

Which rock lies beneath the water line (Geological Map of Slovakia 1:50,000), how old it is, how thick the Quaternary cover is and in which tectonic unit the water flows. The bedrock decides the hardness of the water, the bottom, the turbidity after rain and the abundance of springs.

The points follow the water line (for a stream and a basin, fishing district after fishing district). The strip is a cross-section by distance, not a map; the width of a section corresponds to the number of points.

• River alluvium100%SR 72 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

River alluvium: Gravelly and sandy bottom and floodplains; the water is replenished from groundwater in the alluvium.

Geological age of the rocks

• Quaternary100%

Most common rock units

Quaternary cover

• fluvial sediments of floodplains100%SR 68 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

• Typical thickness of the Quaternary cover7.5m

• 5 – 10100%SR 20 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Tectonic units

• ORAVIKUM100%SR 1.8 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Tectonic division

• NEOALPÍNSKE TEKTONICKÉ ŠTRUKTÚRY ZÁPADNÝCH KARPÁT100%SR 84 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Neotectonic units

• positive unit (mountain range)100%SR 60 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Direction of neotectonic movements

• medium uplift100%SR 32 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Regional geological division

• Inner Carpathian Paleogene100%SR 11 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Regional geological division (subunits)

• Spiš–Šariš Paleogene100%SR 5.8 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Engineering-geological districts

• region of mountain-stream deposits100%SR 21 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Engineering-geological formations

• formation of Quaternary sediments100%SR 71 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Susceptibility of the area to slope deformations

• Region of stable areas100%SR 95 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

The map covers 3 of 3 points on the water line.

Hydrogeology: aquifers and groundwater

Streams and rivers are fed by groundwater. Hydrogeological maps show in which rocks the water is stored, how permeable they are and what the water in them is like. The data come from ŠGÚDŠ maps, not from measurements at a particular water.

Aquifer rocks (hydrogeological map 1:200,000)

• Sandstones100%SR 15 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Aquifer type

• Menšie zvodnence s medzizrnovým alebo puklinovým typom priepustnosti alebo oblasti s takmer žiadnymi množstvami podzemnej vody (Sandstones)50%SR 15 %
• ;;50%SR 0.5 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Main hydrogeological region

• Paleogene basin of Ondava to Kučín100%SR 2.7 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Geothermal groundwater bodies

• Humenné Ridge100%SR 4.4 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Surface water chemistry according to the atlas

Modelled composition of the water in the area the fishing district line runs through. The rasters of the Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (surface waters) are an interpolation of measurements in sampled streams, so they show the typical background of the area, not a measurement in a particular stream.

Ionic composition of the water

Water type by dominant ions: Ca–HCO₃

Shares are in equivalents, the usual way of comparing the composition of waters.

Major ions

• FluoridesF0.374 mg/lpercentile 95
• SodiumNa21.3 mg/lpercentile 81
• PotassiumK6.14 mg/lpercentile 81
• BicarbonatesHCO3274 mg/lpercentile 70
• SulphatesSO448.4 mg/lpercentile 60
• CalciumCa61.0 mg/lpercentile 48
• ChloridesCl6.57 mg/lpercentile 42
• MagnesiumMg11.6 mg/lpercentile 37

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Nutrients and organic pollution

• NitratesNO37.28 mg/lpercentile 58
• AmmoniumNH40.123 mg/lpercentile 54
• Chemical oxygen demandChSK3.27 mg/lpercentile 52
• PhosphatesPO40.0596 mg/lpercentile 31

Metals

• AluminiumAl77.0 μg/lpercentile 54
• IronFe0.0609 mg/lpercentile 29
• ZincZn3.37 μg/lpercentile 24
• ManganeseMn9.70 μg/lpercentile 20

Elements in river sediments

The Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (river sediments) describes what the river carries in the fine material on its bed. Sediment collects metals from rocks, ore occurrences and past mining and industry. It is not a legal limit or a health risk assessment: it shows how an element on this stream ranks among streams in Slovakia.

Potentially toxic and trace elements

• ChromiumCr130 mg/kgpercentile 91
• MolybdenumMo0.644 mg/kgpercentile 83
• NickelNi24.8 mg/kgpercentile 51
• BismuthBi0.162 mg/kgpercentile 27
• SeleniumSe0.138 mg/kgpercentile 21
• ArsenicAs4.26 mg/kgpercentile 15
• VanadiumV53.4 mg/kgpercentile 15
• CobaltCo5.88 mg/kgpercentile 14
• CopperCu14.0 mg/kgpercentile 8
• TinSn1.54 mg/kgpercentile 6
• ZincZn56.4 mg/kgpercentile 5
• CadmiumCd0.0541 mg/kgpercentile 4
• AntimonySb0.221 mg/kgpercentile 4
• MercuryHg0.0305 mg/kgpercentile 4
• LeadPb6.32 mg/kgpercentile 3

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Natural radioactivity and radon

Airborne gamma-ray spectrometry by ŠGÚDŠ measures radiation from potassium, uranium and thorium in rocks and soil. Granites and some acidic volcanic rocks have the highest values, limestones and floodplains the lowest. Caesium-137 is a remnant of fallout from the Chernobyl accident and nuclear weapons tests.

• Potassium (K)K1.27 %percentile 37
• Equivalent thorium (eTh)eTh7.03 ppm37th percentile
• Equivalent uranium (eU)eU2.34 ppm24th percentile

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

• Areal activity of 137CsCS1372,765 Bq/m²percentile 84

Radon risk by isopleths

• low100%SR 36 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Geophysical fields: magnetics and gravity

Maps of the magnetic field and gravity (ŠGÚDŠ) reveal what lies beneath the sediments and the surface: volcanic bodies, faults and crustal thickness. For an angler they are interesting indirectly: they show where the bedrock changes, and with it the water.

Geothermal potential

The Atlas of Geothermal Energy of Slovakia records rock temperature and heat flow from the Earth's interior. It is the potential of the area, not the actual warmth of the water in the stream. Specific geothermal boreholes and springs near this water are in the geothermal energy section below.

Geothermal groundwater bodies beneath the water line

• Humenné Ridge100%SR 4.4 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Relief, climate and soils

A basin is not just water: slope and elevation determine the speed of runoff, climate the temperature and amount of water, and soils what is washed into the stream. The data come from the geomorphological division, climatic-geographical types and soil maps of ŠGÚDŠ.

• Elevation of geomorphological units (from–to)119–749m a.s.l.
• Average elevation of the units293m a.s.l.
• Average slope9.2°
• Average January temperature-3.6°C
• Average July temperature18.3°C
• Annual precipitation700mm

Geomorphological units

• Ondava Highlands67%SR 4.4 %
• Beskydy Foothills33%SR 1.2 %

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Geomorphological regions

• Nízke Beskydy100%SR 7.5 %

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Climatic-geographical types

• mountain climate67%SR 33 %
• basin climate33%SR 29 %

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Susceptibility of soils to acidification

• soils susceptible to acidification100%SR 31 %

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Soil contamination (map 1:500,000)

• relatively clean soil100%SR 53 %

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Lithogeochemical types

• Clayey-sandy sediments of the Cretaceous and Paleogene of the Klippen Belt, Tatricum and Hronicum50%SR 2.9 %
• Cretaceous and Paleogene of the Outer Carpathians50%SR 9.5 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Map of the corridor

Where the nearest mine workings, deposits, burdens, geothermal boreholes and gold finds are. Groups can be switched off.

Trace elements in surface waters

Arsenic, antimony, cadmium, lead, copper, zinc and other elements in samples from rivers and streams (Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia, surface waters, 2015). The bar shows where the highest value lies among all samples in Slovakia; the light marker is the median of the samples at this water.

• CadmiumCdhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 1.00 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l4 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Ondava, 60 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 96 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 5.00 μg/lmedian 5.00 μg/l5 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Ondava2000, 220 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 95 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCuslightly elevated
  highest 2.50 μg/lmedian 2.50 μg/l5 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Ondava2000, 220 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 76 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAstypical value
  highest 1.00 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l5 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Ondava2000, 220 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 50 of all samples in Slovakia.

• BariumBabelow half of Slovakia
  highest 37.0 μg/lmedian 36.5 μg/l2 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Ondava1999, 60 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 46 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 1.00 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l3 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Ondava1999, 60 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 32 of all samples in Slovakia.

Gold and ore minerals in river sediments

Regional panning prospecting: the heavy fraction was washed out of river gravel and the mineral grains in it were counted. The map of finds is positive: a sample without gold is not listed in the atlas, so the absence of a find is not proof that there is no gold.

• Barite (BaSO₄)6 samples, at most 315 grains
• Monazit ((Ce,La,Nd)PO₄)3 samples, at most 5 grains
• Anatas (TiO₂)2 samples, at most 5 grains
• Hematite (Fe₂O₃)2 samples, at most 315 grains
• Ilmenit (FeTiO₃)2 samples, at most 1815 grains
• Limonite (FeO(OH)·nH₂O)2 samples, at most 5 grains
• Magnetite (Fe₃O₄)2 samples, at most 4115 grains
• Pyrite (FeS₂)2 samples, at most 5 grains
• Rutil (TiO₂)2 samples, at most 55 grains
• Cinabarit (HgS)2 samples, at most 2 grains

Rock-forming and accessory minerals

• Granáty ((Fe,Mg,Ca,Mn)₃Al₂Si₃O₁₂)2 samples, at most 1815 grains
• Pyroxény ((Mg,Fe,Ca)₂Si₂O₆)2 samples, at most 815 grains
• Spinel (Cr-spinel) ((Mg,Fe)(Al,Cr)₂O₄)2 samples, at most 315 grains
• Tourmalines (complex borosilicate)2 samples, at most 5 grains
• Zirconium (ZrSiO₄)2 samples, at most 5 grains
• Epidot (Ca₂(Al,Fe)₃Si₃O₁₂(OH))1 sample, at most 5 grains
• Staurolit (Fe₂Al₉Si₄O₂₃(OH))1 sample, at most 55 grains
• Korund (Al₂O₃)1 sample, at most 5 grains

Groundwater: chemistry, water types and radioactivity

Hydrogeochemical objects (analyses of springs and boreholes), the geochemical atlas of groundwater (1996) and radiohydrochemical sampling. Groundwater feeds streams, so its composition also affects the water in the stream.

Metals in groundwater

• AluminiumAlextreme (top 1 %)
  highest 0.350 mg/lmedian 0.0150 mg/l18 samples33 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1994, 2.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 99 of all samples in Slovakia.

• SeleniumSehigh (top 5 %)
  highest 4.80 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l18 samples56 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 1.7 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 97 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 4.00 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l18 samples11 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 2.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 96 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 4.90 μg/lmedian 1.25 μg/l18 samples6 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 280 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 96 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CadmiumCdhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l18 samples94 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 280 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 95 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LithiumLielevated (top 10 %)
  highest 50.0 μg/lmedian 14.0 μg/l18 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1994, 2.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 94 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ZincZnelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 539 μg/lmedian 44.5 μg/l18 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.5 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 91 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCuelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 3.80 μg/lmedian 1.20 μg/l18 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 270 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 90 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbslightly elevated
  highest 0.300 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l18 samples89 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 270 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 87 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAsslightly elevated
  highest 1.30 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l18 samples89 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 270 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 83 of all samples in Slovakia.

• IronFetypical value
  highest 0.00500 mg/lmedian 0.00500 mg/l5 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 1.4 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 50 of all samples in Slovakia.

• MercuryHgbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.100 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l18 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 1.4 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 46 of all samples in Slovakia.

Radon in waters

Boreholes and Geofond archive reports

Register of hydrogeological boreholes, other boreholes and geothermal boreholes. Each borehole has a report in the Geofond archive (geological profiles, pumping tests, chemical analyses of the water); the report number is in the table.

104 boreholes in the 3 km zone, of which 74 hydrogeological and 30 other; with an archive report number 104.

Borehole depths

• up to 10 m43×
• 10–30 m41×
• 30–100 m18×
• 100–300 m1×
• over 300 m0×

Nearest boreholes

Geothermal energy and mineral waters

Geothermal boreholes (wellhead water temperature, yield, chemical type) and sources of geothermal and mineral waters within 10 km. Data on the use and existence of a borehole come from the Geofond register.

Sources of geothermal and mineral waters

Environmental burdens, landfills and anthropogenic sediments

Recorded environmental burdens (industrial sites, landfills, mining), the register of waste landfills and monitoring of anthropogenic sediments (industrial sludge). It is a list of places, not a measurement of water pollution.

Waste landfills

Landslides and slope deformations

Register of documented slope deformations (Geofond). Landslides by a stream can bring fine material into the water, change the bed and dam the channel.

Types of deformations

• Landslides52×

Degree of activity

• Potenciálny30×
• Stabilizovaný16×
• Aktívny6×

Current state

• Processed only in the scope of registration on a scale of 1:25,00032×
• SD taken from archival materials, ktorá bola konfrontova14×
• P1×
• Insufficiently documented1×