Ižianský kanál

Geological structure beneath the water

Which rock lies beneath the water line (Geological Map of Slovakia 1:50,000), how old it is, how thick the Quaternary cover is and in which tectonic unit the water flows. The bedrock decides the hardness of the water, the bottom, the turbidity after rain and the abundance of springs.

The points follow the water line (for a stream and a basin, fishing district after fishing district). The strip is a cross-section by distance, not a map; the width of a section corresponds to the number of points.

• River alluvium67%SR 72 %
• Other rocks33%SR 4.1 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

River alluvium: Gravelly and sandy bottom and floodplains; the water is replenished from groundwater in the alluvium.

Geological age of the rocks

• Quaternary67%
• water33%

Most common rock units

Quaternary cover

• fluvial sediments of floodplains100%SR 68 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

• Typical thickness of the Quaternary cover7.5m

• 5 – 10100%SR 20 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Tectonic division

• NEOALPÍNSKE TEKTONICKÉ ŠTRUKTÚRY ZÁPADNÝCH KARPÁT100%SR 84 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Neotectonic units

• positive unit (lowland hills)80%SR 14 %
• negative unit (lowland plains and basins, neotectonic depressions)20%SR 13 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Direction of neotectonic movements

• very small uplift60%SR 6.4 %
• small uplift20%SR 7.7 %
• small subsidence20%SR 8.8 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Regional geological division

• intramontane basins100%SR 44 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Regional geological division (subunits)

• Danube Basin100%SR 23 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Engineering-geological districts

• water body50%SR 4.8 %
• region of alluvial-plain deposits50%SR 15 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Engineering-geological formations

• formation of Quaternary sediments100%SR 71 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Susceptibility of the area to slope deformations

• Region of stable areas100%SR 95 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

The map covers 3 of 7 points on the water line.

Hydrogeology: aquifers and groundwater

Streams and rivers are fed by groundwater. Hydrogeological maps show in which rocks the water is stored, how permeable they are and what the water in them is like. The data come from ŠGÚDŠ maps, not from measurements at a particular water.

Aquifer rocks (hydrogeological map 1:200,000)

• Gravel100%SR 52 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Aquifer type

• Zvodnence s prevažne medzizrnovým typom priepustnosti (prevažne nespevnené sedimenty) (Gravel; Fluviálne)100%SR 27 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Type of permeability (basic hydrogeological map 1:50,000)

• intergranular100%SR 86 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Hydrogeological function

• aquifer100%SR 95 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Main hydrogeological region

• the Quaternary of the Danube in the Komárno section – Chľaba86%SR 0.0 %
• Quaternary of the southwestern part of the Danube Plain14%SR 5.3 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Genetic type of groundwater

• fluviogenic100%SR 14 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Chemical type of groundwater

• Ca-SO4-HCO3100%SR 3.8 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Groundwater quality class

• D100%SR 15 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Geothermal groundwater bodies

• Komárno High Block83%SR 1.3 %
• Komárno Marginal Block17%SR 0.8 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Surface water chemistry according to the atlas

Modelled composition of the water in the area the fishing district line runs through. The rasters of the Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (surface waters) are an interpolation of measurements in sampled streams, so they show the typical background of the area, not a measurement in a particular stream.

Ionic composition of the water

Water type by dominant ions: Ca–Mg–SO₄–HCO₃

Shares are in equivalents, the usual way of comparing the composition of waters.

Major ions

• CalciumCa184 mg/lpercentile 98
• SulphatesSO4428 mg/lpercentile 98
• MagnesiumMg80.1 mg/lpercentile 97
• ChloridesCl135 mg/lpercentile 95
• BicarbonatesHCO3519 mg/lpercentile 95
• SodiumNa96.4 mg/lpercentile 95
• FluoridesF0.245 mg/lpercentile 88
• PotassiumK7.35 mg/lpercentile 86

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Nutrients and organic pollution

• Chemical oxygen demandChSK6.09 mg/lpercentile 88
• PhosphatesPO40.466 mg/lpercentile 79
• NitratesNO311.9 mg/lpercentile 79
• AmmoniumNH40.125 mg/lpercentile 54

Metals

• ManganeseMn266 μg/lpercentile 92
• IronFe0.161 mg/lpercentile 68
• ZincZn4.78 μg/lpercentile 35
• AluminiumAl17.8 μg/lpercentile 16

Elements in river sediments

The Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (river sediments) describes what the river carries in the fine material on its bed. Sediment collects metals from rocks, ore occurrences and past mining and industry. It is not a legal limit or a health risk assessment: it shows how an element on this stream ranks among streams in Slovakia.

Potentially toxic and trace elements

• ChromiumCr71.8 mg/kgpercentile 50
• MercuryHg0.0944 mg/kgpercentile 46
• ArsenicAs6.22 mg/kgpercentile 45
• CopperCu20.9 mg/kgpercentile 37
• LeadPb13.5 mg/kgpercentile 37
• CadmiumCd0.0875 mg/kgpercentile 21
• TinSn1.97 mg/kgpercentile 20
• NickelNi17.1 mg/kgpercentile 18
• CobaltCo6.19 mg/kgpercentile 17
• BismuthBi0.130 mg/kgpercentile 15
• ZincZn66.1 mg/kgpercentile 14
• AntimonySb0.327 mg/kgpercentile 14
• MolybdenumMo0.149 mg/kgpercentile 9
• VanadiumV44.2 mg/kgpercentile 5
• SeleniumSe0.0748 mg/kgpercentile 4

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Natural radioactivity and radon

Airborne gamma-ray spectrometry by ŠGÚDŠ measures radiation from potassium, uranium and thorium in rocks and soil. Granites and some acidic volcanic rocks have the highest values, limestones and floodplains the lowest. Caesium-137 is a remnant of fallout from the Chernobyl accident and nuclear weapons tests.

• Equivalent uranium (eU)eU2.60 ppm55th percentile
• Potassium (K)K1.28 %percentile 40
• Equivalent thorium (eTh)eTh7.09 ppm39th percentile

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

• Areal activity of 137CsCS1372,606 Bq/m²percentile 82

Radon risk by isopleths

• low100%SR 36 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Geophysical fields: magnetics and gravity

Maps of the magnetic field and gravity (ŠGÚDŠ) reveal what lies beneath the sediments and the surface: volcanic bodies, faults and crustal thickness. For an angler they are interesting indirectly: they show where the bedrock changes, and with it the water.

Geothermal potential

The Atlas of Geothermal Energy of Slovakia records rock temperature and heat flow from the Earth's interior. It is the potential of the area, not the actual warmth of the water in the stream. Specific geothermal boreholes and springs near this water are in the geothermal energy section below.

Geothermal groundwater bodies beneath the water line

• Komárno High Block83%SR 1.3 %
• Komárno Marginal Block17%SR 0.8 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Relief, climate and soils

A basin is not just water: slope and elevation determine the speed of runoff, climate the temperature and amount of water, and soils what is washed into the stream. The data come from the geomorphological division, climatic-geographical types and soil maps of ŠGÚDŠ.

• Elevation of geomorphological units (from–to)103–191m a.s.l.
• Average elevation of the units119m a.s.l.
• Average slope0.4°
• Average January temperature-2.5°C
• Average July temperature20.0°C
• Annual precipitation590mm

Geomorphological units

• Danubian Plain100%SR 8.4 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Geomorphological regions

• Danubian Lowland100%SR 18 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Climatic-geographical types

• lowland climate100%SR 38 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Susceptibility of soils to acidification

• soils not susceptible to acidification100%SR 27 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Soil contamination (map 1:500,000)

• relatively clean soil100%SR 53 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Lithogeochemical types

• Neogene100%SR 48 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Map of the corridor

Where the nearest mine workings, deposits, burdens, geothermal boreholes and gold finds are. Groups can be switched off.

Trace elements in surface waters

Arsenic, antimony, cadmium, lead, copper, zinc and other elements in samples from rivers and streams (Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia, surface waters, 2015). The bar shows where the highest value lies among all samples in Slovakia; the light marker is the median of the samples at this water.

• StrontiumSrextreme (top 1 %)
  highest 3,200 μg/lmedian 3,200 μg/l1 sample
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: VAH2006, 500 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 99 of all samples in Slovakia.

• BariumBaslightly elevated
  highest 73.0 μg/lmedian 64.0 μg/l2 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Ižiansky kanál2010, 40 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 79 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAsslightly elevated
  highest 2.00 μg/lmedian 2.00 μg/l2 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Ižiansky kanál2010, 40 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 75 of all samples in Slovakia.

• SeleniumSebelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l2 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Ižiansky kanál2010, 40 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 46 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 2.50 μg/lmedian 2.50 μg/l2 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Ižiansky kanál2010, 40 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 43 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LithiumLibelow half of Slovakia
  highest 5.00 μg/lmedian 5.00 μg/l2 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Ižiansky kanál2010, 40 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 34 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 1.00 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l2 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Ižiansky kanál2010, 40 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 32 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CadmiumCdbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.150 μg/lmedian 0.150 μg/l2 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Ižiansky kanál, 40 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 26 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCubelow half of Slovakia
  highest 1.00 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l2 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Ižiansky kanál2010, 40 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 22 of all samples in Slovakia.

Major ions, mineralisation and pH

Basic water chemistry: which rocks the minerals in it come from.

• Silicon dioxideSiO2typical value
  highest 15.0 mg/lmedian 14.4 mg/l2 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: bez mena, prítok Ižianskeho kanála2010, 80 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 65 of all samples in Slovakia.

Groundwater: chemistry, water types and radioactivity

Hydrogeochemical objects (analyses of springs and boreholes), the geochemical atlas of groundwater (1996) and radiohydrochemical sampling. Groundwater feeds streams, so its composition also affects the water in the stream.

Chemical water types nearby

• Ca-Mg-HCO31×
• Mg-Ca-HCO31×

Water quality class according to the hydrogeochemical map

• class D1×
• class H1×

Metals in groundwater

• LeadPbextreme (top 1 %)
  highest 21.0 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l22 samples41 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1993, 2.0 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 99 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ZincZnextreme (top 1 %)
  highest 15,600 μg/lmedian 282 μg/l22 samples5 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 730 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 99 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCuextreme (top 1 %)
  highest 16.0 μg/lmedian 1.95 μg/l22 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 190 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 99 of all samples in Slovakia.

• SeleniumSehigh (top 5 %)
  highest 5.70 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l22 samples68 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1993, 1.0 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 98 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAshigh (top 5 %)
  highest 9.50 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l22 samples68 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 190 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 97 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LithiumLihigh (top 5 %)
  highest 75.0 μg/lmedian 13.0 μg/l22 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1993, 1.0 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 96 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 1.20 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l22 samples64 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 190 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 96 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CadmiumCdhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l22 samples95 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 730 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 95 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 3.30 μg/lmedian 0.900 μg/l22 samples27 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.1 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 94 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AluminiumAlslightly elevated
  highest 0.0300 mg/lmedian 0.00500 mg/l22 samples68 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1993, 360 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 85 of all samples in Slovakia.

• IronFetypical value
  highest 0.00500 mg/lmedian 0.00500 mg/l11 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1993, 1.0 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 50 of all samples in Slovakia.

• MercuryHgbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.100 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l22 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1993, 1.0 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 46 of all samples in Slovakia.

Radon in waters

Boreholes and Geofond archive reports

Register of hydrogeological boreholes, other boreholes and geothermal boreholes. Each borehole has a report in the Geofond archive (geological profiles, pumping tests, chemical analyses of the water); the report number is in the table.

402 boreholes in the 3 km zone, of which 94 hydrogeological and 308 other; with an archive report number 401.

Borehole depths

• up to 10 m97×
• 10–30 m235×
• 30–100 m26×
• 100–300 m11×
• over 300 m13×

Nearest boreholes

Geothermal energy and mineral waters

Geothermal boreholes (wellhead water temperature, yield, chemical type) and sources of geothermal and mineral waters within 10 km. Data on the use and existence of a borehole come from the Geofond register.

Sources of geothermal and mineral waters

Environmental burdens, landfills and anthropogenic sediments

Recorded environmental burdens (industrial sites, landfills, mining), the register of waste landfills and monitoring of anthropogenic sediments (industrial sludge). It is a list of places, not a measurement of water pollution.

Environmental burdens

Waste landfills