Podkylavka – Prašník

Geological structure beneath the water

Which rock lies beneath the water line (Geological Map of Slovakia 1:50,000), how old it is, how thick the Quaternary cover is and in which tectonic unit the water flows. The bedrock decides the hardness of the water, the bottom, the turbidity after rain and the abundance of springs.

The points follow the water line (for a stream and a basin, fishing district after fishing district). The strip is a cross-section by distance, not a map; the width of a section corresponds to the number of points.

• Young sediments100%SR 8.6 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Young sediments: Young unconsolidated sediments; fine material easily washes into the stream during rain.

Geological age of the rocks

• Quaternary100%

Most common rock units

Quaternary cover

• deluvial sediments100%SR 16 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

• Typical thickness of the Quaternary cover1.0m

• 0 – 2100%SR 16 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Tectonic division

• NEOALPÍNSKE TEKTONICKÉ ŠTRUKTÚRY ZÁPADNÝCH KARPÁT100%SR 84 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Neotectonic units

• negative unit (intermountain basins)67%SR 14 %
• positive unit (mountain range)33%SR 60 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Direction of neotectonic movements

• very small subsidence67%SR 7.3 %
• medium uplift33%SR 32 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Regional geological division

• intramontane basins50%SR 44 %
• Klippen Belt and the adjacent peri-Klippen zone50%SR 2.2 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Regional geological division (subunits)

• Danube Basin50%SR 23 %
• Myjava Hills50%SR 0.0 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Engineering-geological districts

• region of flyschoid rocks100%SR 5.4 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Engineering-geological formations

• flysch formation100%SR 13 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Susceptibility of the area to slope deformations

• Region of stable areas67%SR 95 %
• Region of potentially unstable areas33%SR 4.4 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

The map covers 1 of 3 points on the water line.

Hydrogeology: aquifers and groundwater

Streams and rivers are fed by groundwater. Hydrogeological maps show in which rocks the water is stored, how permeable they are and what the water in them is like. The data come from ŠGÚDŠ maps, not from measurements at a particular water.

Main hydrogeological region

• Neogene to the Cretaceous of the Myjava hills southwest of the Bradl zone100%SR 0.0 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Surface water chemistry according to the atlas

Modelled composition of the water in the area the fishing district line runs through. The rasters of the Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (surface waters) are an interpolation of measurements in sampled streams, so they show the typical background of the area, not a measurement in a particular stream.

Ionic composition of the water

Water type by dominant ions: Ca–Mg–HCO₃

Shares are in equivalents, the usual way of comparing the composition of waters.

Major ions

• BicarbonatesHCO3381 mg/lpercentile 90
• CalciumCa105 mg/lpercentile 90
• MagnesiumMg32.5 mg/lpercentile 87
• SulphatesSO467.5 mg/lpercentile 74
• ChloridesCl19.9 mg/lpercentile 69
• SodiumNa7.76 mg/lpercentile 44
• FluoridesF0.0799 mg/lpercentile 30
• PotassiumK1.88 mg/lpercentile 29

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Nutrients and organic pollution

• NitratesNO317.0 mg/lpercentile 89
• PhosphatesPO40.0810 mg/lpercentile 39
• AmmoniumNH40.0794 mg/lpercentile 39
• Chemical oxygen demandChSK2.45 mg/lpercentile 31

Metals

• IronFe0.219 mg/lpercentile 77
• AluminiumAl79.9 μg/lpercentile 55
• ManganeseMn36.5 μg/lpercentile 54
• ZincZn6.31 μg/lpercentile 47

Elements in river sediments

The Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (river sediments) describes what the river carries in the fine material on its bed. Sediment collects metals from rocks, ore occurrences and past mining and industry. It is not a legal limit or a health risk assessment: it shows how an element on this stream ranks among streams in Slovakia.

Potentially toxic and trace elements

• AntimonySb6.19 mg/kgpercentile 91
• ChromiumCr106 mg/kgpercentile 84
• NickelNi36.3 mg/kgpercentile 84
• BismuthBi0.263 mg/kgpercentile 65
• MolybdenumMo0.446 mg/kgpercentile 62
• CobaltCo8.67 mg/kgpercentile 53
• ArsenicAs6.65 mg/kgpercentile 50
• SeleniumSe0.233 mg/kgpercentile 47
• VanadiumV64.0 mg/kgpercentile 40
• TinSn2.36 mg/kgpercentile 38
• ZincZn83.5 mg/kgpercentile 35
• MercuryHg0.0763 mg/kgpercentile 34
• LeadPb12.0 mg/kgpercentile 27
• CopperCu18.6 mg/kgpercentile 26
• CadmiumCd0.0663 mg/kgpercentile 12

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Natural radioactivity and radon

Airborne gamma-ray spectrometry by ŠGÚDŠ measures radiation from potassium, uranium and thorium in rocks and soil. Granites and some acidic volcanic rocks have the highest values, limestones and floodplains the lowest. Caesium-137 is a remnant of fallout from the Chernobyl accident and nuclear weapons tests.

• Potassium (K)K1.65 %percentile 90
• Equivalent thorium (eTh)eTh9.29 ppm88th percentile
• Equivalent uranium (eU)eU2.80 ppm73th percentile

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

• Areal activity of 137CsCS1371,349 Bq/m²percentile 41

Radon risk by isopleths

• medium50%SR 64 %
• low50%SR 36 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Geophysical fields: magnetics and gravity

Maps of the magnetic field and gravity (ŠGÚDŠ) reveal what lies beneath the sediments and the surface: volcanic bodies, faults and crustal thickness. For an angler they are interesting indirectly: they show where the bedrock changes, and with it the water.

Geothermal potential

The Atlas of Geothermal Energy of Slovakia records rock temperature and heat flow from the Earth's interior. It is the potential of the area, not the actual warmth of the water in the stream. Specific geothermal boreholes and springs near this water are in the geothermal energy section below.

Relief, climate and soils

A basin is not just water: slope and elevation determine the speed of runoff, climate the temperature and amount of water, and soils what is washed into the stream. The data come from the geomorphological division, climatic-geographical types and soil maps of ŠGÚDŠ.

• Elevation of geomorphological units (from–to)195–543m a.s.l.
• Average elevation of the units327m a.s.l.
• Average slope7.3°
• Average January temperature-3.5°C
• Average July temperature18.5°C
• Annual precipitation700mm

Geomorphological units

• Myjava Hills100%SR 0.0 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Geomorphological regions

• Slovak-Moravian Carpathians100%SR 5.4 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Climatic-geographical types

• mountain climate100%SR 33 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Soil contamination (map 1:500,000)

• uncontaminated soil, the geogenically determined content of some risk elements reaches limit values A67%SR 45 %
• relatively clean soil33%SR 53 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Lithogeochemical types

• Clayey-sandy sediments of the Cretaceous and Paleogene of the Klippen Belt, Tatricum and Hronicum100%SR 2.9 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Map of the corridor

Where the nearest mine workings, deposits, burdens, geothermal boreholes and gold finds are. Groups can be switched off.

Trace elements in surface waters

Arsenic, antimony, cadmium, lead, copper, zinc and other elements in samples from rivers and streams (Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia, surface waters, 2015). The bar shows where the highest value lies among all samples in Slovakia; the light marker is the median of the samples at this water.

• SeleniumSeextreme (top 1 %)
  highest 2.67 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l6 samples83 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Holeška, potok2002, 660 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 99 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCuhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 8.60 μg/lmedian 6.50 μg/l6 samples17 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: potok – ľavostranný prítok Pokylavského p.1999, 340 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 95 of all samples in Slovakia.

• StrontiumSrelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 597 μg/lmedian 594 μg/l2 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Prašník – Boorovci, potok 1800 m SZ od k-2472004, 60 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 94 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LithiumLislightly elevated
  highest 23.0 μg/lmedian 5.00 μg/l6 samples67 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: potok – ľavostranný prítok Pokylavského p.1999, 340 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 86 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrslightly elevated
  highest 3.40 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l6 samples83 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Holeška, potok2002, 660 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 83 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbslightly elevated
  highest 1.00 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l6 samples83 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Podkylavský, potok1999, 30 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 82 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CadmiumCdslightly elevated
  highest 0.250 μg/lmedian 0.150 μg/l6 samples83 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Holeška, potok, 660 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 75 of all samples in Slovakia.

• BariumBatypical value
  highest 60.0 μg/lmedian 54.5 μg/l4 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: potok – ľavostranný prítok Pokylavského p.1999, 340 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 71 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAstypical value
  highest 1.53 μg/lmedian 0.855 μg/l6 samples33 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Prašník – Boorovci, potok 1800 m SZ od k-2472004, 60 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 63 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 2.50 μg/lmedian 2.50 μg/l6 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Holeška, potok1999, 360 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 43 of all samples in Slovakia.

Major ions, mineralisation and pH

Basic water chemistry: which rocks the minerals in it come from.

• Silicon dioxideSiO2slightly elevated
  highest 19.1 mg/lmedian 11.5 mg/l6 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: potok – ľavostranný prítok Pokylavského p.1999, 340 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 76 of all samples in Slovakia.

Gold and ore minerals in river sediments

Regional panning prospecting: the heavy fraction was washed out of river gravel and the mineral grains in it were counted. The map of finds is positive: a sample without gold is not listed in the atlas, so the absence of a find is not proof that there is no gold.

• Barite (BaSO₄)1 sample, at most 5 grains
• Rutil (TiO₂)1 sample, at most 55 grains
• Scheelit (CaWO₄)1 sample, at most 1 grains
• Monazit ((Ce,La,Nd)PO₄)1 sample, at most 5 grains
• Pyrite (FeS₂)1 sample, at most 55 grains
• Anatas (TiO₂)1 sample, at most 5 grains

Rock-forming and accessory minerals

• Epidot (Ca₂(Al,Fe)₃Si₃O₁₂(OH))3 samples, at most 55 grains
• Staurolit (Fe₂Al₉Si₄O₂₃(OH))3 samples, at most 55 grains
• Tourmalines (complex borosilicate)3 samples, at most 55 grains
• Amfiboly (Ca₂(Mg,Fe)₅Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂)2 samples, at most 55 grains
• Apatit (Ca₅(PO₄)₃(F,Cl,OH))2 samples, at most 55 grains
• Kyanit (Al₂SiO₅)1 sample, at most 5 grains
• Sillimanit (Al₂SiO₅)1 sample, at most 5 grains
• Zirconium (ZrSiO₄)1 sample, at most 55 grains

Groundwater: chemistry, water types and radioactivity

Hydrogeochemical objects (analyses of springs and boreholes), the geochemical atlas of groundwater (1996) and radiohydrochemical sampling. Groundwater feeds streams, so its composition also affects the water in the stream.

Metals in groundwater

• CopperCuextreme (top 1 %)
  highest 70.0 μg/lmedian 0.750 μg/l22 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.8 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 99 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ZincZnhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 2,210 μg/lmedian 115 μg/l22 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1992, 1.1 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 97 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LithiumLihigh (top 5 %)
  highest 69.0 μg/lmedian 15.5 μg/l22 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.7 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 96 of all samples in Slovakia.

• SeleniumSehigh (top 5 %)
  highest 2.90 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l22 samples77 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1992, 1.1 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 95 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CadmiumCdhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 0.600 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l22 samples86 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 720 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 95 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 2.00 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l22 samples64 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 1.6 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 90 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrslightly elevated
  highest 1.90 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l22 samples55 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.4 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 89 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbslightly elevated
  highest 0.300 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l22 samples91 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 720 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 87 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AluminiumAlslightly elevated
  highest 0.0300 mg/lmedian 0.00500 mg/l22 samples59 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 2.0 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 85 of all samples in Slovakia.

• IronFetypical value
  highest 0.00500 mg/lmedian 0.00500 mg/l8 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1993, 3.0 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 50 of all samples in Slovakia.

• MercuryHgbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.100 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l22 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1993, 2.7 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 46 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAsbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l22 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1993, 2.7 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 38 of all samples in Slovakia.

Radon in waters

Mine workings, deposits and ore occurrences

Old mine workings outside mining areas (Geofond register), deposits and mining areas, and the metallogenetic map. Gold, silver and other metals near streams can get into sediments and water.

Deposits and mining areas

Boreholes and Geofond archive reports

Register of hydrogeological boreholes, other boreholes and geothermal boreholes. Each borehole has a report in the Geofond archive (geological profiles, pumping tests, chemical analyses of the water); the report number is in the table.

22 boreholes in the 3 km zone, of which 17 hydrogeological and 5 other; with an archive report number 22.

Borehole depths

• up to 10 m18×
• 10–30 m2×
• 30–100 m2×
• 100–300 m0×
• over 300 m0×

Nearest boreholes

Environmental burdens, landfills and anthropogenic sediments

Recorded environmental burdens (industrial sites, landfills, mining), the register of waste landfills and monitoring of anthropogenic sediments (industrial sludge). It is a list of places, not a measurement of water pollution.

Waste landfills

Landslides and slope deformations

Register of documented slope deformations (Geofond). Landslides by a stream can bring fine material into the water, change the bed and dam the channel.

Types of deformations

• Landslides5×

Degree of activity

• Potenciálny5×

Current state

• SD zaregistrovaná v rámci terénneho výskumu na úlohe Atlas S3×
• SD taken from archival materials, ktorá bola konfrontova2×