VN Nová Bystrica

Geological structure beneath the water

Which rock lies beneath the water line (Geological Map of Slovakia 1:50,000), how old it is, how thick the Quaternary cover is and in which tectonic unit the water flows. The bedrock decides the hardness of the water, the bottom, the turbidity after rain and the abundance of springs.

The points follow the water line (for a stream and a basin, fishing district after fishing district). The strip is a cross-section by distance, not a map; the width of a section corresponds to the number of points.

• River alluvium40%SR 72 %
• Flysch40%SR 4.7 %
• Other rocks20%SR 4.1 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

River alluvium: Gravelly and sandy bottom and floodplains; the water is replenished from groundwater in the alluvium.

Geological age of the rocks

• Quaternary40%
• flysch40%
• water20%

Most common rock units

Quaternary cover

• Typical thickness of the Quaternary cover2.7m

• 2 – 567%SR 48 %
• 0 – 233%SR 16 %

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Tectonic units

• MAGURSKÝ PRÍKROV100%SR 34 %

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Tectonic division

• NEOALPÍNSKE TEKTONICKÉ ŠTRUKTÚRY ZÁPADNÝCH KARPÁT100%SR 84 %

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Neotectonic units

• positive unit (mountain range)100%SR 60 %

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Direction of neotectonic movements

• medium uplift100%SR 32 %

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Regional geological division

• flysch belt100%SR 9.6 %

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Regional geological division (subunits)

• Magura flysch100%SR 5.9 %

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Engineering-geological districts

• region of flyschoid rocks60%SR 5.4 %
• water body20%SR 4.8 %
• region of mountain-stream deposits20%SR 21 %

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Engineering-geological formations

• flysch formation75%SR 13 %
• formation of Quaternary sediments25%SR 71 %

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Susceptibility of the area to slope deformations

• Region of stable areas80%SR 95 %
• Region of potentially unstable areas20%SR 4.4 %

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The map covers 5 of 7 points on the water line.

Hydrogeology: aquifers and groundwater

Streams and rivers are fed by groundwater. Hydrogeological maps show in which rocks the water is stored, how permeable they are and what the water in them is like. The data come from ŠGÚDŠ maps, not from measurements at a particular water.

Aquifer rocks (hydrogeological map 1:200,000)

• Sandstones86%SR 15 %
• Gravel14%SR 52 %

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Aquifer type

• Menšie zvodnence s medzizrnovým alebo puklinovým typom priepustnosti alebo oblasti s takmer žiadnymi množstvami podzemnej vody (Sandstones)86%SR 15 %
• Menšie zvodnence s medzizrnovým alebo puklinovým typom priepustnosti alebo oblasti s takmer žiadnymi množstvami podzemnej vody (Gravel)14%SR 22 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Main hydrogeological region

• Paleogene and Quaternary of the Kysuce Basin86%SR 2.7 %
• Paleogene of the White Orava and Neogene of the Orava Basin14%SR 1.9 %

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Surface water chemistry according to the atlas

Modelled composition of the water in the area the fishing district line runs through. The rasters of the Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (surface waters) are an interpolation of measurements in sampled streams, so they show the typical background of the area, not a measurement in a particular stream.

Ionic composition of the water

Water type by dominant ions: Ca–HCO₃

Shares are in equivalents, the usual way of comparing the composition of waters.

Major ions

• BicarbonatesHCO3161 mg/lpercentile 34
• SodiumNa5.99 mg/lpercentile 34
• CalciumCa46.7 mg/lpercentile 33
• MagnesiumMg6.57 mg/lpercentile 18
• FluoridesF0.0583 mg/lpercentile 15
• SulphatesSO419.6 mg/lpercentile 15
• PotassiumK1.11 mg/lpercentile 12
• ChloridesCl2.27 mg/lpercentile 12

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Nutrients and organic pollution

• AmmoniumNH40.113 mg/lpercentile 51
• Chemical oxygen demandChSK2.37 mg/lpercentile 29
• PhosphatesPO40.0264 mg/lpercentile 15
• NitratesNO31.33 mg/lpercentile 3

Metals

• ZincZn12.3 μg/lpercentile 72
• AluminiumAl29.4 μg/lpercentile 28
• IronFe0.0519 mg/lpercentile 23
• ManganeseMn7.08 μg/lpercentile 13

Elements in river sediments

The Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (river sediments) describes what the river carries in the fine material on its bed. Sediment collects metals from rocks, ore occurrences and past mining and industry. It is not a legal limit or a health risk assessment: it shows how an element on this stream ranks among streams in Slovakia.

Potentially toxic and trace elements

• CobaltCo10.8 mg/kgpercentile 79
• BismuthBi0.325 mg/kgpercentile 77
• ChromiumCr93.8 mg/kgpercentile 77
• NickelNi32.6 mg/kgpercentile 77
• CopperCu28.1 mg/kgpercentile 66
• VanadiumV69.7 mg/kgpercentile 54
• SeleniumSe0.222 mg/kgpercentile 44
• MolybdenumMo0.333 mg/kgpercentile 41
• TinSn2.43 mg/kgpercentile 40
• LeadPb14.0 mg/kgpercentile 40
• ZincZn87.1 mg/kgpercentile 39
• MercuryHg0.0585 mg/kgpercentile 20
• ArsenicAs4.49 mg/kgpercentile 18
• CadmiumCd0.0738 mg/kgpercentile 16
• AntimonySb0.191 mg/kgpercentile 3

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Natural radioactivity and radon

Airborne gamma-ray spectrometry by ŠGÚDŠ measures radiation from potassium, uranium and thorium in rocks and soil. Granites and some acidic volcanic rocks have the highest values, limestones and floodplains the lowest. Caesium-137 is a remnant of fallout from the Chernobyl accident and nuclear weapons tests.

• Equivalent thorium (eTh)eTh6.28 ppm15th percentile
• Potassium (K)K1.01 %percentile 6
• Equivalent uranium (eU)eU1.79 ppm4th percentile

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

• Areal activity of 137CsCS1372,491 Bq/m²percentile 81

Radon risk by isopleths

• medium100%SR 64 %

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Geophysical fields: magnetics and gravity

Maps of the magnetic field and gravity (ŠGÚDŠ) reveal what lies beneath the sediments and the surface: volcanic bodies, faults and crustal thickness. For an angler they are interesting indirectly: they show where the bedrock changes, and with it the water.

Geothermal potential

The Atlas of Geothermal Energy of Slovakia records rock temperature and heat flow from the Earth's interior. It is the potential of the area, not the actual warmth of the water in the stream. Specific geothermal boreholes and springs near this water are in the geothermal energy section below.

Relief, climate and soils

A basin is not just water: slope and elevation determine the speed of runoff, climate the temperature and amount of water, and soils what is washed into the stream. The data come from the geomorphological division, climatic-geographical types and soil maps of ŠGÚDŠ.

• Elevation of geomorphological units (from–to)355–1 325m a.s.l.
• Average elevation of the units708m a.s.l.
• Average slope14.7°
• Average January temperature-5.5°C
• Average July temperature15.3°C
• Annual precipitation917mm

Geomorphological units

• Kysuce Highlands86%SR 0.0 %
• Oravská Magura14%SR 0.0 %

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Geomorphological regions

• Stredné Beskydy100%SR 3.0 %

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Climatic-geographical types

• mountain climate100%SR 33 %

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Susceptibility of soils to acidification

• soils moderately susceptible to acidification60%SR 25 %
• soils susceptible to acidification40%SR 31 %

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Soil contamination (map 1:500,000)

• relatively clean soil86%SR 53 %
• uncontaminated soil, the geogenically determined content of some risk elements reaches limit values A14%SR 45 %

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Lithogeochemical types

• Cretaceous and Paleogene of the Outer Carpathians100%SR 9.5 %

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Map of the corridor

Where the nearest mine workings, deposits, burdens, geothermal boreholes and gold finds are. Groups can be switched off.

Trace elements in surface waters

Arsenic, antimony, cadmium, lead, copper, zinc and other elements in samples from rivers and streams (Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia, surface waters, 2015). The bar shows where the highest value lies among all samples in Slovakia; the light marker is the median of the samples at this water.

• LeadPbhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 9.00 μg/lmedian 4.00 μg/l9 samples22 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Bystrica, potok1997, 130 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 98 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 8.20 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l8 samples88 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vtok do nádrže od obce Harvelky1997, 60 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 96 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CadmiumCdhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 0.800 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l9 samples11 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Harvelka, potok, 50 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 95 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCuelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 7.20 μg/lmedian 1.40 μg/l9 samples22 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Harvelka, potok1997, 50 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 94 of all samples in Slovakia.

• SeleniumSeelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 0.800 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l9 samples78 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prítok do Harvelky1997, 350 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 94 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 5.50 μg/lmedian 3.60 μg/l9 samples11 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Bystrica, potok1997, 130 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 93 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAsslightly elevated
  highest 2.60 μg/lmedian 1.70 μg/l9 samples11 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Bystrica, potok1997, 130 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 80 of all samples in Slovakia.

• BariumBatypical value
  highest 43.0 μg/lmedian 43.0 μg/l1 sample
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Biela Orava2009, 910 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 53 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LithiumLibelow half of Slovakia
  highest 5.00 μg/lmedian 5.00 μg/l1 sample100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Biela Orava2009, 910 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 34 of all samples in Slovakia.

Major ions, mineralisation and pH

Basic water chemistry: which rocks the minerals in it come from.

• Silicon dioxideSiO2below half of Slovakia
  highest 4.07 mg/lmedian 4.07 mg/l1 sample
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: Biela Orava2009, 910 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 9 of all samples in Slovakia.

Gold and ore minerals in river sediments

Regional panning prospecting: the heavy fraction was washed out of river gravel and the mineral grains in it were counted. The map of finds is positive: a sample without gold is not listed in the atlas, so the absence of a find is not proof that there is no gold.

• Barite (BaSO₄)25 samples, at most 1815 grains
• Pyrite (FeS₂)25 samples, at most 555 grains
• Rutil (TiO₂)25 samples, at most 1115 grains
• Limonite (FeO(OH)·nH₂O)24 samples, at most 815 grains
• Magnetite (Fe₃O₄)24 samples, at most 815 grains
• Anatas (TiO₂)22 samples, at most 315 grains
• Ilmenit (FeTiO₃)19 samples, at most 315 grains
• Monazit ((Ce,La,Nd)PO₄)17 samples, at most 55 grains
• Hematite (Fe₂O₃)4 samples, at most 5 grains
• Scheelit (CaWO₄)2 samples, at most 5 grains
• Kasiterit (SnO₂)1 sample, at most 1 grains

Rock-forming and accessory minerals

• Granáty ((Fe,Mg,Ca,Mn)₃Al₂Si₃O₁₂)25 samples, at most 4115 grains
• Tourmalines (complex borosilicate)25 samples, at most 315 grains
• Zirconium (ZrSiO₄)25 samples, at most 1815 grains
• Spinel (Cr-spinel) ((Mg,Fe)(Al,Cr)₂O₄)22 samples, at most 315 grains
• Pyroxény ((Mg,Fe,Ca)₂Si₂O₆)16 samples, at most 55 grains
• Staurolit (Fe₂Al₉Si₄O₂₃(OH))6 samples, at most 5 grains
• Epidot (Ca₂(Al,Fe)₃Si₃O₁₂(OH))5 samples, at most 5 grains
• Apatit (Ca₅(PO₄)₃(F,Cl,OH))4 samples, at most 5 grains
• Amfiboly (Ca₂(Mg,Fe)₅Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂)3 samples, at most 5 grains
• Korund (Al₂O₃)2 samples, at most 5 grains

Groundwater: chemistry, water types and radioactivity

Hydrogeochemical objects (analyses of springs and boreholes), the geochemical atlas of groundwater (1996) and radiohydrochemical sampling. Groundwater feeds streams, so its composition also affects the water in the stream.

Metals in groundwater

• LithiumLihigh (top 5 %)
  highest 89.0 μg/lmedian 6.00 μg/l35 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1992, 200 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 97 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCuhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 9.10 μg/lmedian 0.800 μg/l35 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 380 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 96 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 4.00 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l35 samples66 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1992, 2.0 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 96 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 0.600 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l35 samples80 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 420 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 93 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ZincZnelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 720 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l35 samples74 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1992, 2.0 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 92 of all samples in Slovakia.

• SeleniumSeslightly elevated
  highest 1.00 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l35 samples91 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: vrt1992, 2.8 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 83 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AluminiumAlslightly elevated
  highest 0.0200 mg/lmedian 0.00500 mg/l35 samples97 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1992, 1.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 80 of all samples in Slovakia.

• IronFetypical value
  highest 0.00500 mg/lmedian 0.00500 mg/l27 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 2.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 50 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CadmiumCdbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.250 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l35 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 2.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 47 of all samples in Slovakia.

• MercuryHgbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.100 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l35 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 2.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 46 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ArsenicAsbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l35 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 2.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 38 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.250 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l35 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1992, 2.9 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 29 of all samples in Slovakia.

Radon in waters

Mine workings, deposits and ore occurrences

Old mine workings outside mining areas (Geofond register), deposits and mining areas, and the metallogenetic map. Gold, silver and other metals near streams can get into sediments and water.

Ore occurrences in the metallogenic map

Boreholes and Geofond archive reports

Register of hydrogeological boreholes, other boreholes and geothermal boreholes. Each borehole has a report in the Geofond archive (geological profiles, pumping tests, chemical analyses of the water); the report number is in the table.

10 boreholes in the 3 km zone, of which 4 hydrogeological and 6 other; with an archive report number 10.

Borehole depths

• up to 10 m6×
• 10–30 m3×
• 30–100 m1×
• 100–300 m0×
• over 300 m0×

Nearest boreholes

Environmental burdens, landfills and anthropogenic sediments

Recorded environmental burdens (industrial sites, landfills, mining), the register of waste landfills and monitoring of anthropogenic sediments (industrial sludge). It is a list of places, not a measurement of water pollution.

Waste landfills

Landslides and slope deformations

Register of documented slope deformations (Geofond). Landslides by a stream can bring fine material into the water, change the bed and dam the channel.

Types of deformations

• Landslides208×
• Slope flows4×
• Block fields1×

Degree of activity

• Potenciálny136×
• Stabilizovaný65×
• Aktívny10×
• With potential and active forms2×

Current state

• SD taken from archival materials, ktorá bola konfrontova42×
• Processed only in the scope of registration on a scale of 1:25,00036×
• SD prebraná z archívnych materiálov (existuje inž. geologick15×