VN Zákruty

Geological structure beneath the water

Which rock lies beneath the water line (Geological Map of Slovakia 1:50,000), how old it is, how thick the Quaternary cover is and in which tectonic unit the water flows. The bedrock decides the hardness of the water, the bottom, the turbidity after rain and the abundance of springs.

Tectonic division

• NEOALPÍNSKE TEKTONICKÉ ŠTRUKTÚRY ZÁPADNÝCH KARPÁT100%SR 84 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Regional geological division

• intramontane basins100%SR 44 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Regional geological division (subunits)

• inner basins100%SR 4.5 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Engineering-geological districts

• region of mountain-stream deposits100%SR 21 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Engineering-geological formations

• formation of Quaternary sediments100%SR 71 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Susceptibility of the area to slope deformations

• Region of stable areas100%SR 95 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

The map covers 0 of 1 points on the water line.

Hydrogeology: aquifers and groundwater

Streams and rivers are fed by groundwater. Hydrogeological maps show in which rocks the water is stored, how permeable they are and what the water in them is like. The data come from ŠGÚDŠ maps, not from measurements at a particular water.

Genetic type of groundwater

• carbonate-silicate mineralization100%SR 2.1 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Chemical type of groundwater

• Ca-(Mg)-HCO3 typ100%SR 0.0 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Groundwater quality class

• E100%SR 6.5 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Geothermal groundwater bodies

• Žiar Basin100%SR 6.4 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Surface water chemistry according to the atlas

Modelled composition of the water in the area the fishing district line runs through. The rasters of the Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (surface waters) are an interpolation of measurements in sampled streams, so they show the typical background of the area, not a measurement in a particular stream.

Ionic composition of the water

Water type by dominant ions: Ca–Mg–HCO₃–SO₄

Shares are in equivalents, the usual way of comparing the composition of waters.

Major ions

• FluoridesF0.202 mg/lpercentile 80
• PotassiumK5.36 mg/lpercentile 76
• ChloridesCl13.4 mg/lpercentile 60
• SulphatesSO445.8 mg/lpercentile 57
• SodiumNa9.38 mg/lpercentile 51
• MagnesiumMg12.8 mg/lpercentile 41
• CalciumCa41.8 mg/lpercentile 29
• BicarbonatesHCO3115 mg/lpercentile 22

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Nutrients and organic pollution

• NitratesNO331.1 mg/lpercentile 95
• PhosphatesPO40.688 mg/lpercentile 88
• Chemical oxygen demandChSK4.46 mg/lpercentile 74
• AmmoniumNH40.0435 mg/lpercentile 22

Metals

• AluminiumAl522 μg/lpercentile 95
• ZincZn27.6 μg/lpercentile 92
• ManganeseMn135 μg/lpercentile 85
• IronFe0.0809 mg/lpercentile 40

Elements in river sediments

The Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia (river sediments) describes what the river carries in the fine material on its bed. Sediment collects metals from rocks, ore occurrences and past mining and industry. It is not a legal limit or a health risk assessment: it shows how an element on this stream ranks among streams in Slovakia.

Potentially toxic and trace elements

• CobaltCo12.2 mg/kgpercentile 87
• ArsenicAs13.0 mg/kgpercentile 83
• VanadiumV88.4 mg/kgpercentile 81
• AntimonySb1.59 mg/kgpercentile 80
• LeadPb18.2 mg/kgpercentile 63
• SeleniumSe0.288 mg/kgpercentile 60
• ZincZn99.0 mg/kgpercentile 53
• MolybdenumMo0.393 mg/kgpercentile 53
• MercuryHg0.0953 mg/kgpercentile 46
• CopperCu21.6 mg/kgpercentile 40
• TinSn2.39 mg/kgpercentile 39
• CadmiumCd0.136 mg/kgpercentile 37
• BismuthBi0.178 mg/kgpercentile 33
• ChromiumCr59.1 mg/kgpercentile 29
• NickelNi18.1 mg/kgpercentile 22

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

Natural radioactivity and radon

Airborne gamma-ray spectrometry by ŠGÚDŠ measures radiation from potassium, uranium and thorium in rocks and soil. Granites and some acidic volcanic rocks have the highest values, limestones and floodplains the lowest. Caesium-137 is a remnant of fallout from the Chernobyl accident and nuclear weapons tests.

• Equivalent uranium (eU)eU3.91 ppm95th percentile
• Equivalent thorium (eTh)eTh9.44 ppm90th percentile
• Potassium (K)K1.44 %percentile 78

dot: average along the water line, line: from the lowest to the highest value, scale: position among sample points on streams in Slovakia (0 to 100th percentile)

• Areal activity of 137CsCS1371,224 Bq/m²percentile 33

Radon risk by isopleths

• low100%SR 36 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Geophysical fields: magnetics and gravity

Maps of the magnetic field and gravity (ŠGÚDŠ) reveal what lies beneath the sediments and the surface: volcanic bodies, faults and crustal thickness. For an angler they are interesting indirectly: they show where the bedrock changes, and with it the water.

Geothermal potential

The Atlas of Geothermal Energy of Slovakia records rock temperature and heat flow from the Earth's interior. It is the potential of the area, not the actual warmth of the water in the stream. Specific geothermal boreholes and springs near this water are in the geothermal energy section below.

Geothermal groundwater bodies beneath the water line

• Žiar Basin100%SR 6.4 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Relief, climate and soils

A basin is not just water: slope and elevation determine the speed of runoff, climate the temperature and amount of water, and soils what is washed into the stream. The data come from the geomorphological division, climatic-geographical types and soil maps of ŠGÚDŠ.

• Elevation of geomorphological units (from–to)220–509m a.s.l.
• Average elevation of the units313m a.s.l.
• Average slope4.3°
• Average January temperature-3.0°C
• Average July temperature19.3°C
• Annual precipitation650mm

Geomorphological units

• Žiar Basin100%SR 0.0 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Geomorphological regions

• Slovak Central Mountains100%SR 9.1 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Climatic-geographical types

• basin climate100%SR 29 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Susceptibility of soils to acidification

• soils moderately susceptible to acidification100%SR 25 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Soil contamination (map 1:500,000)

• relatively clean soil100%SR 53 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Lithogeochemical types

• Neogene100%SR 48 %

marker on the bar: share among all sample points on streams in Slovakia

Map of the corridor

Where the nearest mine workings, deposits, burdens, geothermal boreholes and gold finds are. Groups can be switched off.

Trace elements in surface waters

Arsenic, antimony, cadmium, lead, copper, zinc and other elements in samples from rivers and streams (Geochemical Atlas of Slovakia, surface waters, 2015). The bar shows where the highest value lies among all samples in Slovakia; the light marker is the median of the samples at this water.

• ArsenicAshigh (top 5 %)
  highest 7.50 μg/lmedian 4.60 μg/l3 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: 600m SZ od K295 Dolná Trnávka1993, 980 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 95 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CadmiumCdhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 0.800 μg/lmedian 0.600 μg/l3 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: SV od obce Trnávka, 900 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 95 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LithiumLislightly elevated
  highest 21.0 μg/lmedian 5.00 μg/l3 samples67 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: 600m SZ od K295 Dolná Trnávka1993, 980 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 85 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCuslightly elevated
  highest 2.90 μg/lmedian 2.00 μg/l3 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: SV od obce Trnávka1993, 900 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 79 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrtypical value
  highest 1.40 μg/lmedian 1.10 μg/l3 samples33 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: SV od obce Trnávka1993, 900 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 68 of all samples in Slovakia.

• StrontiumSrtypical value
  highest 240 μg/lmedian 190 μg/l3 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: 600m SZ od K295 Dolná Trnávka1993, 980 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 62 of all samples in Slovakia.

• BariumBatypical value
  highest 50.0 μg/lmedian 40.0 μg/l3 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: SV od obce Trnávka1993, 900 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 60 of all samples in Slovakia.

• SeleniumSebelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l3 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: SV od obce Trnávka1993, 900 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 46 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 2.50 μg/lmedian 2.50 μg/l3 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: SV od obce Trnávka1993, 900 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 43 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l3 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: SV od obce Trnávka1993, 900 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 37 of all samples in Slovakia.

Major ions, mineralisation and pH

Basic water chemistry: which rocks the minerals in it come from.

• Silicon dioxideSiO2slightly elevated
  highest 27.8 mg/lmedian 20.2 mg/l3 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: 600m SZ od K295 Dolná Trnávka1993, 980 m from the water. Comparison: percentile 86 of all samples in Slovakia.

Gold and ore minerals in river sediments

Regional panning prospecting: the heavy fraction was washed out of river gravel and the mineral grains in it were counted. The map of finds is positive: a sample without gold is not listed in the atlas, so the absence of a find is not proof that there is no gold.

• Pyrite (FeS₂)7 samples, at most 55 grains
• Antimonite (Sb₂S₃)1 sample, at most 1 grains
• Chalcopyrite (CuFeS₂)1 sample, at most 1 grains
• Cinabarit (HgS)1 sample, at most 1 grains
• Gold (Au)1 sample, at most 5 grains
• Hematite (Fe₂O₃)1 sample, at most 5 grains

Nearest samples with gold

Groundwater: chemistry, water types and radioactivity

Hydrogeochemical objects (analyses of springs and boreholes), the geochemical atlas of groundwater (1996) and radiohydrochemical sampling. Groundwater feeds streams, so its composition also affects the water in the stream.

Chemical water types nearby

• Ca-Mg-HCO35×
• Ca-HCO32×
• Ca-Cl-HCO31×
• Ca-Mg-SO4-HCO31×
• Ca-SO41×

Water quality class according to the hydrogeochemical map

• class E3×
• class G2×
• class B2×
• class A1×
• class F1×
• class H1×

Metals in groundwater

• ArsenicAshigh (top 5 %)
  highest 8.40 μg/lmedian 1.70 μg/l7 samples14 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1991, 2.6 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 97 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CadmiumCdhigh (top 5 %)
  highest 1.00 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l7 samples86 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1991, 2.8 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 97 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AntimonySbelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l7 samples86 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1991, 2.6 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 92 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ZincZnelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 487 μg/lmedian 140 μg/l7 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1991, 2.8 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 90 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LeadPbelevated (top 10 %)
  highest 2.00 μg/lmedian 1.00 μg/l7 samples43 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: prameň1991, 2.5 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 90 of all samples in Slovakia.

• LithiumLislightly elevated
  highest 31.0 μg/lmedian 13.0 μg/l7 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1991, 2.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 88 of all samples in Slovakia.

• SeleniumSeslightly elevated
  highest 1.10 μg/lmedian 0.500 μg/l7 samples86 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1991, 1.4 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 84 of all samples in Slovakia.

• CopperCuslightly elevated
  highest 2.90 μg/lmedian 0.700 μg/l7 samples
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1991, 2.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 83 of all samples in Slovakia.

• AluminiumAlslightly elevated
  highest 0.0200 mg/lmedian 0.0100 mg/l7 samples43 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1991, 2.2 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 80 of all samples in Slovakia.

• ChromiumCrtypical value
  highest 0.500 μg/lmedian 0.250 μg/l7 samples86 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1991, 2.2 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 66 of all samples in Slovakia.

• IronFetypical value
  highest 0.00500 mg/lmedian 0.00500 mg/l2 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1991, 2.3 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 50 of all samples in Slovakia.

• MercuryHgbelow half of Slovakia
  highest 0.100 μg/lmedian 0.100 μg/l7 samples100 % below the limit of quantification
  1. up to 50 %
  2. 50–75
  3. 75–90
  4. 90–99
  5. above 99

  Highest value: studňa1991, 1.4 km from the water. Comparison: percentile 46 of all samples in Slovakia.

Radon in waters

Mine workings, deposits and ore occurrences

Old mine workings outside mining areas (Geofond register), deposits and mining areas, and the metallogenetic map. Gold, silver and other metals near streams can get into sediments and water.

Deposits and mining areas

Boreholes and Geofond archive reports

Register of hydrogeological boreholes, other boreholes and geothermal boreholes. Each borehole has a report in the Geofond archive (geological profiles, pumping tests, chemical analyses of the water); the report number is in the table.

103 boreholes in the 3 km zone, of which 5 hydrogeological and 98 other; with an archive report number 103.

Borehole depths

• up to 10 m74×
• 10–30 m19×
• 30–100 m2×
• 100–300 m0×
• over 300 m0×

Nearest boreholes

Geothermal energy and mineral waters

Geothermal boreholes (wellhead water temperature, yield, chemical type) and sources of geothermal and mineral waters within 10 km. Data on the use and existence of a borehole come from the Geofond register.

Sources of geothermal and mineral waters

Environmental burdens, landfills and anthropogenic sediments

Recorded environmental burdens (industrial sites, landfills, mining), the register of waste landfills and monitoring of anthropogenic sediments (industrial sludge). It is a list of places, not a measurement of water pollution.

Waste landfills

Landslides and slope deformations

Register of documented slope deformations (Geofond). Landslides by a stream can bring fine material into the water, change the bed and dam the channel.

Types of deformations

• Landslides43×

Degree of activity

• Stabilizovaný21×
• Potenciálny18×
• Aktívny4×

Current state

• Processed only in the scope of registration on a scale of 1:25,00028×
• SD taken from archival materials, ktorá bola konfrontova2×